DOI: https://doi.org/10.14710/jnc.v14i2.47132

DEVELOPING AN INSTRUMENT FOR DETERMINANTS OF INFANT AND YOUNG CHILD FEEDING (IYCF) PRACTICES USING THEORETICAL INTEGRATION APPROACH

1Department of Nutrition, Faculty of Health, Universitas Nahdlatul Ulama Surabaya, Surabaya, Jawa Timur, Indonesia

2Department of Safety and Occupational Health, Faculty of Health, Universitas Nahdlatul Ulama Surabaya, Surabaya, Jawa Timur, Indonesia

Received: 14 Nov 2024; Revised: 2 Jan 2025; Accepted: 3 Jan 2025; Available online: 30 Apr 2025; Published: 30 Apr 2025.

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Abstract

ABSTRACT

Background: Inadequate Infant and Young Child Feeding (IYCF) practices significantly contribute to malnutrition and health complications, particularly in developing countries. In Indonesia, challenges such as cultural barriers, inconsistent maternal knowledge, and insufficient social support hinder effective IYCF implementation. Addressing these issues is crucial for improving child nutrition and health outcomes.

Objectives: This study aimed to evaluate the psychometric properties, including validity and internal consistency, of a structured questionnaire assessing factors influencing IYCF practices.

Methods: Thirty mothers of children aged 6 to 23 months in Sedati, Sidoarjo, East Java, Indonesia, participated in the study from May to July 2024. Data were collected using a structured questionnaire focusing on maternal characteristics, social support, observational learning, cognitive factors, and perceptions related to IYCF practices. The validity process were consisted of stage 1- Literature review, stage 2-Back translation  and stage 3-Expert content validity then pilot study were conducted to 5 respondents. The questionnaire’s construct validity was assessed from 30 respondents using Pearson correlations, and internal consistency was evaluated using Cronbach's alpha, with data analysis performed using SPSS version 27.0.

Results: The study found strong correlations in family support (r = 0.915-0.920, p < 0.01), community support (r = 0.484-0.763, p < 0.01), and observational learning (r = 0.489-0.515, p < 0.01). Motivation showed a range of correlations (r = -0.190 to 0.696), and knowledge correlations ranged from (r = -0.371 to 0.210). Perceived barriers had negative correlations (r = -0.331 to -0.296).

Conclusion: The questionnaire demonstrated strong validity and internal consistency for measuring family support, community support, and observational learning related to IYCF. However, items related to motivation, knowledge, and perceived barriers showed weaker or negative correlations. Refining the questionnaire to address these issues and incorporating culturally sensitive approaches could enhance IYCF practices and improve child nutrition and health outcomes.

Keywords : IYCF; HBM; SCT; complementary feeding; infant

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Keywords: IYCF; HBM; SCT; complementary feeding; infant

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