DOI: https://doi.org/10.14710/jnc.v14i4.49727

PENGARUH PEMBERIAN POLIFENOL TERHADAP KENAIKAN BERAT BADAN DAN KERAGAMAN MIKROBIOTA USUS TIKUS OBESITAS: STUDI META ANALISIS

1Program Studi Sarjana Gizi, Fakultas Kesehatan Masyarakat, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya, Jawa Timur, Indonesia

2Departemen Gizi, Fakultas Kesehatan Masyarakat, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya, Jawa Timur, Indonesia

3Kelompok Studi Viral Diarrhea, Institute of Tropical Disease, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya, Jawa Timur, Indonesia

4 Cheneche, Fakultas Kesehatan Masyarakat, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya, Jawa Timur, Indonesia

5 Fosfor, Fakultas Kesehatan Masyarakat, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya, Jawa Timur, Indonesia

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Received: 13 Mar 2025; Revised: 20 Aug 2025; Accepted: 3 Sep 2025; Available online: 30 Oct 2025; Published: 30 Oct 2025.

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Abstract

ABSTRACT

Background: Polyphenols are compounds that have anti-obesity effects. Unaddressed obesity can lead to various health issues, for which efforts are needed to mitigate its impact. One such effort is the provision of functional foods.
Objective: To determine the significant effects of polyphenol administration on obesity conditions.

Methods: This study uses a meta-analysis method on previously conducted experimental study articles. The article search was performed using the online databases PubMed and ScienceDirect with the keywords polyphenol, gut microbiota, and obesity rats. The search yielded 10 articles that met the inclusion and exclusion criteria. The inclusion criteria for the articles in this study were: experimental research using rats as test animals, articles written in English, and full-access articles. The exclusion criteria were: articles published more than 5 years ago, articles without full access, articles on irrelevant subjects, non-experimental studies, incompatible data, and multiple submissions of the same article. The collected data were analyzed using R Studio software version 4.3.3.
Results: The weight gain in the group receiving polyphenol intake was lower (MD = -35.64 [95% CI -67.7718; -3.5148]) compared to the group that did not receive polyphenols. However, the two groups found no significant differences in gut microbiota diversity.
Conclusion: The administration of polyphenols in obesity conditions significantly impacts weight gain reduction but does not substantially affect gut microbiota diversity.

Keywords: Polyphenols; obesity; functional foods; meta-analysis

 

ABSTRAK

Latar belakang: Polifenol merupakan salah satu senyawa yang memiliki efek anti-obesitas. Obesitas yang tidak ditangani dapat menyebabkan berbagai masalah kesehatan sehingga perlu upaya agar dampak obesitas dapat diminimalkan. Salah satu upaya yang dilakukan dengan pemberian pangan fungsional.

Tujuan: Mengetahui efek signifikan pemberian polifenol pada kondisi obesitas.

Metode: Penelitian ini menggunakan metode meta-analysis pada artikel studi eksperimental yang telah dilakukan sebelumnya. Pencarian artikel studi menggunakan online database PubMed dan Sciencedirect dengan menggunakan kata kunci polyphenol, gut microbiota, dan obesity rats. Hasil pencarian didapatkan 10 artikel yang memenuhi kriteria inklusi dan eksklusi. Kriteria inklusi artikel yang digunakan pada penelitian ini yaitu, penelitian eksperimental dengan hewan coba tikus, artikel berbahasa inggris, dan merupakan artikel full acess. Kriteria ekslusi artikel yaitu, artikel yang diterbitkan lebih dari 5 tahun, tidak full access, subjek yang tidak relevan, bukan studi eksperimental, data yang tidak sesuai, dan artikel dengan submisi ganda.  Data yang telah terkumpul dianalisis menggunakan software R studio versi 4.3.3.

Hasil: Kenaikan berat badan kelompok yang mendapatkan asupan polifenol lebih rendah (MD = -35.64 [95% CI -67.7718; -3.5148]) dibandingkan kelompok yang tidak diberikan polifenol. Akan tetapi, tidak terdapat perbedaan signifikan pada keragaman mikrobiota usus antara kedua kelompok. Simpulan: Pemberian polifenol pada kondisi obesitas berdampak signifikan pada kenaikan berat badan yang lebih rendah tetapi tidak memberikan dampak signifikan pada keragaman mikrobiota usus.

Kata Kunci : Polifenol; obesitas; pangan fungsional; meta-analisis


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Keywords: Polifenol; obesitas; pangan fungsional; meta-analisis

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