DOI: https://doi.org/10.14710/jnc.v14i2.44440

HUBUNGAN POLA MAKAN, KONSUMSI SERAT, DAN LINGKAR PINGGANG DENGAN KEJADIAN DIABETES MELITUS TIPE 2 PADA WANITA PRALANSIA DAN LANSIA DI PUSKESMAS BANDARHARJO KOTA SEMARANG

Program Studi Gizi, Fakultas Kedokteran, Universitas Negeri Semarang, Semarang, Jawa Tengah, Indonesia

Received: 19 Jul 2024; Revised: 25 Oct 2024; Accepted: 1 Nov 2024; Available online: 30 Apr 2025; Published: 30 Apr 2025.

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Abstract

ABSTRACT

Background: Diabetes Mellitus (DM) is a metabolic disease whose prevalence continues to increase. Diabetes is the direct cause of 1.5 million deaths and 48% of all deaths due to diabetes that occurred before the age of 70 years in 2019. Puskesmas Bandarharjo is ranked in the top 5 with the highest number of DM cases in Semarang City. DM has risk factors, such as dietary pattern, fiber intake, and obesity.

Objectives: This study aims to analyze the relationship between dietary pattern, fiber consumption and waist circumference with the incidence of Type 2 DM in pre-elderly and elderly women at the Puskesmas Bandarharjo, Semarang City.

Methods: This research is a case control design that carried out on female patients over 45 years old at the Bandarharjo Community Health Center, Semarang City, from February to March 2024. The total sample was 64 using a purposive sampling technique. Data of dietary patterns and fiber consumption were obtained through SQ-FFQ and DQI-I analysis, waist circumference was obtained using a measuring tape. Bivariate analysis with chi-square test.

Results: The results of the univariate test showed that most respondents had good diet quality (93.8%), low fiber consumption (90.6%), and excessive waist circumference (93.8%). Bivariate test results showed that the variables associated with the incidence of Type 2 DM were fiber consumption (p= 0.016 OR= 5.063) and waist circumference (p= 0.020 OR= 5.87).

Conclusion:  Fiber consumption and waist circumference are associated with the incidence of Type 2 DM.

Keywords : Diabetes mellitus; dietary pattern; fiber; waist circumference; women

 

ABSTRAK

Latar belakang: Diabetes Mellitus (DM) adalah penyakit metabolik yang prevalensinya terus meningkat. DM menjadi penyebab langsung dari 1,5 juta kematian dan 48% dari seluruh kematian akibat diabetes yang terjadi sebelum usia 70 tahun di tahun 2019. Puskesmas Bandarharjo termasuk dalam peringkat 5 besar untuk jumlah kasus DM tertinggi di Kota Semarang. DM memiliki faktor resiko seperti pola makan, asupan serat, dan obesitas.

Tujuan: Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis hubungan pola makan, konsumsi serat, dan lingkar pinggang dengan kejadian DM Tipe 2 pada wanita pralansia dan lansia di Puskesmas Bandarharjo Kota Semarang.

Metode: Penelitian dengan desain case control ini dilakukan terhadap pasien wanita diatas 45 tahun di Puskesmas Bandarharjo Kota Semarang, pada bulan Februari hingga Maret 2024. Total sampel yaitu 64 dengan teknik purposive sampling. Data pola makan dan konsumsi serat diperoleh melalui SQ-FFQ dan analisis DQI-I, lingkar pinggang diperoleh menggunakan pita ukur. Analisis bivariat dengan uji chi-square.

Hasil: Hasil uji univariat sebagian besar responden memiliki kualitas pola makan baik (93,8%), konsumsi serat kurang (90,6%), dan lingkar pinggang berlebih (93,8%). Hasil uji bivariat menunjukkan variabel yang berhubungan dengan kejadian DM Tipe 2 adalah konsumsi serat (p= 0,016 OR= 5,063) dan lingkar pinggang (p= 0,020 OR= 5,87).

Simpulan: Konsumsi serat dan lingkar pinggang berhubungan dengan Kejadian DM Tipe 2

Kata Kunci : Diabetes melitus; pola makan; serat; lingkar pinggang; wanita

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HUBUNGAN POLA MAKAN, KEBIASAAN KONSUMSI SERAT, DAN LINGKAR PINGGANG DENGAN KEJADIAN DIABETES MELITUS TIPE 2 PADA WANITA PRALANSIA DAN LANSIA (Studi Kasus di Puskesmas Bandarharjo Kota Semarang)
Subject diabetes melitus; pola makan; serat; lingkar pinggang
Type Research Materials
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Keywords: Diabetes melitus; pola makan; serat; lingkar pinggang; wanita

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