DOI: https://doi.org/10.14710/jnc.v13i1.42033

PENGARUH SUPLEMENTASI KOMBINASI BAWANG PUTIH (ALLIUM SATIVUM), BERAS RAGI MERAH (MONASCUS PURPUREUS), DAN JAHE MERAH (ZINGIBER OFFICINALE VAR. RUBRUM) TERHADAP KADAR TRIGLISERIDA DAN HDL PASIEN STROKE ISKEMIK DENGAN DISLIPIDEMIA

1Program Studi Magister Ilmu Gizi, Departemen Ilmu Gizi, Fakultas Kedokteran, Universitas Diponegoro, Indonesia

2Program Studi Ilmu Biomedik, Departemen Kedokteran, Fakultas Kedokteran, Universitas Diponegoro, Indonesia

3Departemen Biologi Kedokteran dan Biokimia, Fakultas Kedokteran, Universitas Diponegoro, Indonesia

4 Program Studi Neurologi, Departemen Kedokteran Spesialis, Fakultas Kedokteran, Universitas Diponegoro , Indonesia

5 Bagian Neurologi, RSUP Dr.Kariadi Semarang, Indonesia

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Received: 29 Nov 2023; Published: 23 Jan 2024.

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Abstract

ABSTRACT

Background: The incidence of stroke in the world is reported as many as 15 million people each year and around 185 thousand experience recurrent strokes. The incidence of recurrent stroke can be avoided by controlling risk factors, especially dyslipidemia. There is a relationship between dyslipidemia and the risk of atherosclerosis, especially ischemic stroke and peripheral arterial disease. Nutraceuticals can be used as an adjuvant to conventional drugs.

Objectives: The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of giving herbs containing garlic (Allium sativum) 675 mg, red yeast rice (Monascus purpureus) 750 mg, and red ginger (zingiber officinale var. rubrum) 375 mg, hereinafter referred to as BJR 22 on TG and HDL levels.

Materials and Methods: This research was pre and posttest Control Group Design with double blind method. The research subjects were selected consecutively with 20 intervention groups receiving standard therapy (statins) and BJR 22 3 capsules/day and 20 control groups receiving standard therapy (statins) and placebo once daily, each group being given for 30 days. The data were analyzed used the Shapiro wilk test, Wilcoxon, Chi Square, Fisher's exact and Paired T-test.

Results: The average change in TG levels before and after treatment in the intervention group was -5.95 ± 86.88 (p=0.575), while the control group was 4.3 ± 97.08 (p=0.845). There was no significant difference between the two group. The change in HDL levels in the intervention group was 10 ± 13.46, indicating a significant change (p = 0.004). In the control group it was 5.3 ± 27.25 indicating a change that was not significant (p = 0.273). The regression test shows that the factors that influence TG levels are calorie intake and those that influence HDL levels are smoking status, hypertension and fat intake.

Conclusion: BJR 22 supplementation of 3 capsules/day for 30 days can improve HDL levels but does not significantly affect triglyceride levels.

Keywords: Garlic, Red Yeast Rice, Dyslipidemia, Red Ginger, Stroke

 

ABSTRAK

Latar belakang: Penderita stroke memiliki risiko serangan berulang sekitar 11,1 % dalam 1 tahun. Insiden stroke berulang dihindari dengan upaya pengendalian faktor risiko salah satunya dislipidemia. Terdapat hubungan dislipidemia dengan risiko kejadian aterosklerosis terutama penyakit stroke iskemik dan penyakit arteri perifer. Prevalensi penderita statin intoleran ada 9,1%. Nutrasetikal dapat digunakan sebagai terapi adjuvant/pendamping obat konvensional. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui efek pemberian herbal yang mengandung bawang putih (Allium sativum) 675 mg, Red Yeast Rice (RYR)/beras ragi merah (Monascus purpureus) 750 mg, dan jahe merah (zingiber officinale var. rubrum) 375 mg yang selanjutnya disebut BJR 22 terhadap kadar trigliserida (TG) dan High Density Lipoprotein (HDL).

Metode: Penelitian dengan menggunakan pre and posttest control group design dengan cara double blind. Subjek penelitian dipilih secara konsekutif dengan jumlah 20 orang dalam kelompok intervensi yang mendapatkan terapi standar (statin) dan BJR 22 sebanyak 3 kapsul/hari dan 20 orang dalam kelompok kontrol yang mendapatkan terapi standar (statin) dan plasebo 3x1. Durasi penelitian adalah 30 hari. Data dianalisis menggunakan uji Saphiro Wilk, Wilcoxon, Chi Square, Fisher exact dan Paired T-test.

Hasil: Rata-rata perubahan kadar TG sebelum dan sesudah perlakuan di kelompok intervensi adalah -5,95 ± 86,88 mg/dL (p=0,575), sedangkan kelompok kontrol 4,3 ± 97,08 mg/dL (p=0.845) Tidak ada perbedaan signifikan antara kedua kelompok. Perubahan kadar HDL di kelompok intervensi adalah 10 ± 13,46 mg/dL menunjukkan perubahan yang bermakna (p=0,004). Pada kelompok kontrol adalah 5,3 ± 27,25 mg/dL menunjukkan perubahan yang tidak bermakna (p=0,273). Uji regresi menunjukkan faktor yang memengaruhi kadar TG adalah asupan kalori dan yang memengaruhi kadar HDL adalah status merokok, hipertensi dan asupan lemak.

Kesimpulan: Suplementasi BJR 22 dosis 3 kapsul/hari dapat memperbaiki kadar HDL namun tidak mempengaruhi kadar trigliserida secara bermakna.

Kata Kunci: Bawang putih, Beras Ragi Merah, Dislipidemia, Jahe merah, Stroke

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Keywords: Bawang putih, Beras Ragi Merah, Dislipidemia, Jahe merah, Stroke

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