DOI: https://doi.org/10.14710/jnc.v11i2.33184

MAKAN PAGI, AKTIVITAS FISIK, DAN MAKAN MALAM BERHUBUNGAN DENGAN STATUS GIZI REMAJA DI KOTA YOGYAKARTA

1Rumah Sakit Umum Daerah dr. M. Thomsen Nias, Indonesia

2Program Studi Gizi Kesehatan, Fakultas Kedokteran, Kesehatan Masyarakat dan Keperawatan, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Indonesia

3Poltekkes Kemenkes Yogyakarta, Indonesia

Received: 7 Feb 2022; Published: 28 Apr 2022.

Citation Format:
Abstract

Latar belakang: Konsumsi makanan dan aktivitas fisik merupakan faktor langsung yang mempengaruhi status gizi. Pemenuhan kebutuhan sarapan dapat mencegah terjadinya obesitas, sebaliknya makan malam yang terlambat cenderung meningkatkan risiko obesitas.

Tujuan: Untuk mengetahui hubungan sarapan, aktivitas fisik dan makan malam dengan status gizi.

Metode: Studi observasional dengan rancangan cross-sectional, pada bulan Januari-Februari 2017, di SMAN 11 Yogyakarta. Sampel sebanyak 121 orang, yang ditentukan dengan kriteria inklusi yaitu usia 15-18 tahun, tidak menjalani diet tertentu, tidak sedang puasa dan bersedia menjadi responden. Variabel bebas adalah sarapan, aktivitas fisik dan makan malam, masing-masing diukur dengan kuesioner kebiasaan sarapan selama 1 minggu, IPAQ (International Physical Activity Questionnaire) selama 1 minggu, food recall questionnaire 3 x 24 jam. Sarapan dikategorikan menjadi sering (≥ 4 hari) dan jarang (< 4 hari); aktivitas fisik dikategorikan menjadi kurang (≤1706 MET-menit/minggu) dan cukup (> 1706 MET-menit/minggu); makan malam dikategorikan menjadi lebih (> 25%) dan cukup (≥ 25%). Variabel terikat adalah status gizi yang dinilai dengan IMT/U. Data dianalisis dengan uji Chi-square.

Hasil: Sebanyak 72,7% responden mempunyai status gizi normal, 78,5% mempunyai kebiasaan sarapan sering, 64,2% mempunyai jumlah asupan makan malam cukup, dan 50,4% mempunyai aktivitas fisik kurang. Hubungan antara sarapan, aktifitas fisik, dan makan malam dengan status gizi menunjukkan nilai p dan RP masing-masing (p=0,047, RP=2,1, CI 95% 1,0-4,1), (p=0,786, RP=0,9, CI 95% 0,4-1,8) dan (p=0,087, RP=0,5, CI 95% 0,2-1,1)

Kesimpulan: Remaja yang jarang sarapan berisiko untuk menderita obesitas sebanyak 2,1 kali dibanding yang sering sarapan. Aktivitas fisik dan jumlah makan malam tidak mempunyai hubungan yang bermakna dengan status gizi.

Note: This article has supplementary file(s).

Fulltext View|Download |  common.other
Ethic Approved
Subject Ethic approved
Type Other
  Download (200KB)    Indexing metadata
Keywords: Aktivitas fisik; Makan malam; Remaja; Sarapan; Status gizi

Article Metrics:

Article Info
Section: Articles
Language : ID
Recent articles
MAKAN PAGI, AKTIVITAS FISIK, DAN MAKAN MALAM BERHUBUNGAN DENGAN STATUS GIZI REMAJA DI KOTA YOGYAKARTA TRANSPORTATION MODE CHOICE AND OBESITY: A CROSS-SECTIONAL STUDY AT SENIOR HIGH SCHOOL FEMALE STUDENT IN YOGYAKARTA, INDONESIA ASUPAN LEMAK, SERAT, KALSIUM DAN KUALITAS TIDUR KAITANNYA DENGAN SIKLUS MENSTRUASI PADA REMAJA PUTRI More recent articles
  1. Jaworska, N. & MacQueen, G. Adolescence as a unique developmental period. J. Psychiatry Neurosci. 2015;40(5): 291–293. https://doi.org/10.1503/jpn.150268
  2. Das JK, Salam RA, Thornburg KL, Prentice AM, Campisi S, Lassi ZS, Koletzko B, Bhutta ZA. Nutrition in adolescents: physiology, metabolism, and nutritional needs. Ann N Y Acad Sci. 2017;1393(1):21-33. https://doi.org/10.1111/nyas.13330
  3. Corkins MR, Daniels SR, de Ferranti SD, Golden NH, Kim JH, Magge SN, Schwarzenberg SJ. Nutrition in Children and Adolescents. Med Clin North Am. 2016;100(6):1217-1235. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.mcna.2016.06.005
  4. Kemenkes RI. Riset Kesehatan Dasar Tahun 2013. Jakarta, Indonesia. 2013
  5. Kemenkes RI. Riset Kesehatan Dasar Tahun 2018. Jakarta, Indonesia. 2013
  6. Kemenkes RI. Riset Kesehatan Dasar DIY Tahun 2013. Jakarta, Indonesia. 2013
  7. Kemenkes RI. Riset Kesehatan Dasar DIY Tahun 2018. Jakarta, Indonesia. 2019
  8. United Nations Children's Fund (UNICEF). The State of the World’s Children 1998. New York: Oxford University Press. 1998. https://doi.org/10.2307/2808177
  9. Yao J, Liu Y, Zhou S. Effect of Eating Breakfast on Cognitive Development of Elementary and Middle School Students: An Empirical Study Using Large-Scale Provincial Survey Data. Med Sci Monit. 2019;25:8843-8853. https://doi.org/10.12659/MSM.920459
  10. Soheilipour F, Salehiniya H, Farajpour Kh M, Pishgahroudsari M. Breakfast habits, nutritional status and their relationship with academic performance in elementary school students of Tehran, Iran. Med Pharm Rep. 2019;92(1):52-58. https://doi.org/10.15386/cjmed-956
  11. Lazarou C, Matalas AL. Breakfast intake is associated with nutritional status, Mediterranean diet adherence, serum iron and fasting glucose: the CYFamilies study. Public Health Nutr. 2015;18(7):1308-16. https://doi.org/10.1017/S1368980014001967
  12. Okada C, Imano H, Muraki I, Yamada K, Iso H. The Association of Having a Late Dinner or Bedtime Snack and Skipping Breakfast with Overweight in Japanese Women. J. Obes. 2019; Article ID 2439571: 1-5. https://doi.org/10.1155/2019/2439571
  13. Ogata H, Hatamoto Y, Goto Y, Tajiri E, Yoshimura E, Kiyono K, Uehara Y, Kawanaka K, Omi N, Tanaka H. Association between breakfast skipping and postprandial hyperglycaemia after lunch in healthy young individuals. Br J Nutr. 2019;122(4):431-440. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0007114519001235
  14. Lopez-Minguez J, Gómez-Abellán P, Garaulet M. Timing of breakfast, lunch, and dinner. effects on obesity and metabolic risk. Nutrients. 2019;11(11):2624. https://doi.org/10.3390/nu11112624
  15. Kinsey AW, Ormsbee MJ. The health impact of nighttime eating: old and new perspectives. Nutrients. 2015;7(4):2648-62. https://doi.org/10.3390/nu7042648
  16. Bandín C, Scheer FA, Luque AJ, Ávila-Gandía V, Zamora S, Madrid JA, Gómez-Abellán P, Garaulet M. Meal timing affects glucose tolerance, substrate oxidation and circadian-related variables: A randomized, crossover trial. Int J Obes (Lond). 2015;39(5):828-33. https://doi.org/10.1038/ijo.2014.182
  17. Madjd A, Taylor MA, Delavari A, Malekzadeh R, Macdonald IA, Farshchi HR. Effects of consuming later evening meal v. earlier evening meal on weight loss during a weight loss diet: a randomised clinical trial. Br J Nutr. 2021;126(4):632-640. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0007114520004456
  18. Xiao Q, Garaulet M, Scheer FAJL. Meal timing and obesity: interactions with macronutrient intake and chronotype. Int J Obes (Lond). 2019;43(9):1701-1711. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41366-018-0284-x
  19. Yoshida J, Eguchi E, Nagaoka K, Ito T, Ogino K. Association of night eating habits with metabolic syndrome and its components: A longitudinal study. BMC Public Health. 2018; 18: 1–12. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12889-018-6262-3
  20. Kutsuma, A., Nakajima, K. & Suwa, K. Potential association between breakfast skipping and concomitant late-night-dinner eating with metabolic syndrome and proteinuria in the japanese population. Scientifica. 2014;Article ID 253581 : 1–9. https://doi.org/10.1155/2014/253581
  21. Nakajima K, Suwa K. Association of hyperglycemia in a general Japanese population with late-night-dinner eating alone, but not breakfast skipping alone. J Diabetes Metab Disord. 2015;14:16. https://doi.org/10.1186/s40200-015-0147-0
  22. Jakubowicz D, Froy O, Wainstein J, Boaz M. Meal timing and composition influence ghrelin levels, appetite scores and weight loss maintenance in overweight and obese adults. Steroids. 2012;77(4):323-31. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.steroids.2011.12.006
  23. González K, Fuentes J, Márquez JL. Physical Inactivity, Sedentary behavior and chronic diseases. Korean J Fam Med. 2017;38(3):111-115. https://doi.org/10.4082/kjfm.2017.38.3.111
  24. Martin A, Booth JN, Laird Y, Sproule J, Reilly JJ, Saunders DH. Physical activity, diet and other behavioural interventions for improving cognition and school achievement in children and adolescents with obesity or overweight. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2018;3(3):CD009728. https://doi.org/10.1002/14651858.CD009728.pub4
  25. Martin A, Saunders DH, Shenkin SD, Sproule J. Lifestyle intervention for improving school achievement in overweight or obese children and adolescents. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2014;(3):CD009728. https://doi.org/10.1002/14651858.CD009728.pub2
  26. Galler JR, Koethe JR, Yolken RH. Neurodevelopment: The impact of nutrition and inflammation during adolescence in low-resource settings. Pediatrics. 2017;139(Suppl 1): S72-S84. https://doi.org/10.1542/peds.2016-2828I
  27. Maehara M, Rah JH, Roshita A, Suryantan J, Rachmadewi A, Izwardy D. Patterns and risk factors of double burden of malnutrition among adolescent girls and boys in Indonesia. PLoS One. 2019;14(8): e0221273. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0221273
  28. Mahmood L, Flores-Barrantes P, Moreno LA, Manios Y, Gonzalez-Gil EM. The Influence of Parental Dietary Behaviors and Practices on Children's Eating Habits. Nutrients. 2021;13(4):1138. https://doi.org/10.3390/nu13041138
  29. Kim T, Kim J. Linking adolescent future expectations to health in adulthood: Evidence and mechanisms. Soc Sci Med. 2020;263:113282. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.socscimed.2020.113282
  30. Kemenkes RI. Standar Antropometri Penilaian Status Gizi Anak. 2011
  31. Lundgren JD, McCune A, Spresser C, Harkins P, Zolton L, Mandal K. Night eating patterns of individuals with eating disorders: Implications for conceptualizing the night eating syndrome. Psychiatry Res. 2011; 186: 103–108. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.psychres.2010.08.008
  32. Dubois L, Girard M, Potvin Kent M, Farmer A, Tatone-Tokuda F. Breakfast skipping is associated with differences in meal patterns, macronutrient intake and overweight among pre-school childrean. Public Health Nutr. 2019; 12: 19–28. https://doi.org/10.1017/S1368980008001894
  33. Banowati L, Nugraheni, Puruhita N. Resiko konsumsi western fast food dan kebiasaan tidak makan pagi terhadap obesitas remaja studi di SMA Cirebon.Media Medika Indonesiana.2011; 45 118–124
  34. Peña-Jorquera H, Campos-Núñez V, Sadarangani KP, Ferrari G, Jorquera-Aguilera C, Cristi-Montero C. Breakfast: A crucial meal for adolescents' cognitive performance according to their nutritional status. the cogni-action project. Nutrients. 2021;13(4): 1-12. https://doi.org/10.3390/nu13041320
  35. Hearst MO, Shanafelt A, Wang Q, Leduc R, Nanney MS. Barriers, benefits, and behaviors related to breakfast consumption among rural adolescents. J Sch Health. 2016; 86: 187–94. https://doi.org/10.1111/josh.12367
  36. Hu J, Li Z, Li S, Li H, Wang S, Wang S, Xu L, Yang D, Ruan T, Li H, Han S, Gong Q, Han L. Skipping breakfast and physical fitness among school-aged adolescents. Clinics (Sao Paulo). 2020; 75: 1–6. https://doi.org/10.6061/clinics/2020/e1599
  37. Hearst MO, Jimbo-Llapa F, Grannon K, Wang Q, Nanney MS, Caspi CE. Breakfast is brain food? The effect on GPA of a rural group randomized program to promote school breakfast. Physiol. Behav. 2017;176: 139–148. https://doi.org/10.1111/josh.12810
  38. Palmer A, Fernquest S, Gimpel M, Birchall R, Judge A, Broomfield J, Newton J, Wotherspoon M, Carr A, Glyn-Jones S. Physical activity during adolescence and the development of cam morphology: A cross-sectional cohort study of 210 individuals. Br. J. Sports Med. 2018; 52: 601–610. https://doi.org/10.1136/bjsports-2017-097626
  39. Kim BY, Choi DH, Jung CH, Kang SK, Mok JO, Kim CH. Obesity and physical activity. J Obes Metab Syndr. 2017; 26(1):15-22. https://doi.org/10.7570/jomes.2017.26.1.15
  40. National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine; Health and Medicine Division; Division of Behavioral and Social Sciences and Education; Board on Children, Youth, and Families; Committee on the Neurobiological and Socio-behavioral Science of Ado, E. The Promise of Adolescence: Realizing Opportunity for All Youth. (National Academies Press (US), 2019)
  41. Rhodes JE, Grossman JB, Resch NL. Agents of change: Pathways through which mentoring relationships influence adolescents’ academic adjustment. Child Dev. 2000; 71: 1662–1671. https://doi.org/10.1111/1467-8624.00256
  42. Ruhm CJ. Understanding overeating and obesity. J. Health Econ. 2012: 31, 781–796. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhealeco.2012.07.004
  43. Razzoli M, Pearson C, Crow S, Bartolomucci A. Stress, overeating and obesity: Insights from human studies. Neurosci Biobehav Rev. 2016; 20: 412–426. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neubiorev.2017.01.026
  44. Barry D, Clarke M, Petry NM. Obesity and its relationship to addictions: is overeating a form of addictive behavior? Am J Addict. 2009;18(6):439-451. https://doi.org/10.3109/10550490903205579

Last update:

No citation recorded.

Last update:

No citation recorded.