DOI: https://doi.org/10.14710/jnc.v8i3.25801

FAKTOR RISIKO HIPEREMESIS GRAVIDARUM PADA IBU HAMIL DI SEMARANG

Departemen Ilmu Gizi, Fakultas Kedokteran, Universitas Diponegoro, Indonesia

Received: 25 Nov 2019; Published: 25 Nov 2019.

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Abstract

Latar belakang: Hiperemesis gravidarum adalah mual muntah yang terjadi pada ibu hamil dengan frekuensi lebih dari 3 kali dalam satu hari dan terjadi terus menerus. Hiperemesis terjadi pada 0,5 hingga 2% kehamilan. Hiperemesis terjadi sebagai interaksi antara faktor biologis, psikologis, dan sosiokultural. Hiperemesis paling banyak terjadi pada trimester 1, namun dapat berlanjut pada trimester 2. Hiperemesis jika tidak ditangani dapat menyebabkan gangguan pada ibu hamil dan janin.

Metode: Penelitian ini menggunakan rancangan case control dengan subjek 44 ibu hamil yang diambil dengan cara purposive sampling. Data indeks massa tubuh (IMT) didapatkan melalui pengukuran antropometri, data asupan diperoleh melalui wawancara semi-quantitative food frequency questionnaire. Analisis bivariat menggunakan uji chi square dan fisher exact.

Hasil: Persentase asupan karbohidrat dan lemak jenuh lebih tinggi pada kelompok hiperemesis (4,5% ; 18,18%) daripada kelompok tanpa hiperemesis (0%; 4,5%). Tidak ada hubungan yang signifikan antara status gizi sebelum kehamilan, asupan karbohidrat, protein, lemak jenuh, asam lemak omega 3, asam lemak omega 6, dan vitamin B6 dengan hiperemesis gravidarum (p> 0,05)

Simpulan: Status gizi sebelum hamil, asupan karbohidrat, protein, lemak jenuh, asam lemak omega 3, asam lemak omega 6, dan vitamin B6 bukan merupakan faktor risiko terjadinya hiperemesis gravidarum pada ibu hamil di Semarang.

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Keywords: Hiperemesis gravidarum; indeks massa tubuh; asupan; kehamilan

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Language : EN
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