DOI: https://doi.org/10.14710/jnc.v9i4.29160

THE EFFECTS OF PAPAYA LEAVES JELLY IN LIPID PROFILE AMONG OVERWEIGHT WOMEN

1Departemen Ilmu Gizi, Fakultas Kedokteran, Universitas Diponegoro, Indonesia

2Department of Community Nutrition, Faculty of Human Ecology, Bogor Agricultural University, Indonesia

Received: 24 Oct 2020; Published: 19 Nov 2020.

Citation Format:
Abstract

Background : Insulin resistance that occurred in diabetic state could promote endothelial dysfunction which lead to metabolic disease in obese subjects. Although several studies showed papaya leaves had antidiabetic and antihyperlipidemic agent, the effect of papaya leaves jelly is rarely studied on lipid profiles among overweight women.

Objectives : We aimed to examine the effect of papaya leaves jelly on lipid profiles in women with overweight.

Methods : This study was a pre-posttest controlled group design with both of the groups were overweight. The treatment group consumed papayq leaves jelly with 24.6 grams papaya leaves jelly that contains 182.4 mg chlorophyll, while the control group consumed 24.6 grams jelly with green dye for 20 days in a row. Three-day recall in three non-consecutive days and physical activity using International Physical Activity (IPAQ) were taken three times. Fasting blood sugar was measured using Glucose Oxidase Phenol 4-Aminophenazone (GODPAP). LDL, HDL, total cholesterol, triglyceride levels were measured using Cholesterol Oxidase Para Aminophenazone (CHOD-PAP). Statistical analysis using Paired t-test was used within group, while Independent t-test and Mann-Whitney were used in between groups. Papaya leaves jelly effects on lipid profiles was analyzed using multiple linear regression after considering energy, protein, fat, and carbohydrate intakes.

Results : Triglyceride levels was reduced significantly (p=0.014) in the treatment group despite there were no differences in triglyceride (p= 0.407), LDL (p= 0.923), HDL (p= 0.749) and total cholesterol (p= 0.277) between 2 groups.

Conclusion : Papaya leaves jelly consumption could lower triglyceride levels significantly in the treatment group.

Fulltext View|Download
Keywords: Papaya leaves; lipid profile; overweight; women

Article Metrics:

Article Info
Section: Articles
Language : EN
Recent articles
HUBUNGAN KONSUMSI IKAN TERHADAP RISIKO SINDROM METABOLIK PADA WANITA OBESITAS ABDOMINAL PENGARUH PEMBERIAN MI BASAH IKAN PATIN TERHADAP INTAKE ENERGI, PROTEIN DAN BERAT BADAN SISWA SD DI PEKANBARU TINGGI BADAN IBU SEBAGAI FAKTOR RISIKO STUNTING PADA ANAK USIA 24-59 BULAN DI KECAMATAN PLERET DAN KECAMATAN PAJANGAN, KABUPATEN BANTUL, YOGYAKARTA More recent articles
  1. Badan Penelitian dan Pengembangan Kesehatan RI. Hasil Riset Kesehatan Dasar (RISKESDAS). 2013
  2. Tuso P. Prediabetes and lifestyle modification: time to prevent a preventable disease. Perm J. 2014;18(3):88–93
  3. Care D, Suppl SS. 2. Classification and diagnosis of diabetes: Standards of medical care in diabetesd2019. Diabetes Care. 2019;42(January):S13–28
  4. Punthakee Z, Goldenberg R, Katz P. Definition, Classification and Diagnosis of Diabetes, Prediabetes and Metabolic Syndrome. Can J Diabetes. 2018;42:10–5
  5. Nawale RB, Mourya VK, Bhise SB. Non-enzymatic glycation of proteins : A cause for complications in diabetes. Indian J Biochem Biophys. 2006;43:337–44
  6. Singh VP, Bali A, Singh N, Jaggi AS. Advanced Glycation End Products and Diabetic Complications. Korean J Physiol Pharmacol. 2014;18:1–14
  7. Bisht S, Sisodia SS. Diabetes, dyslipidemia, antioxidant and status of oxidative stress. Int J Res Ayurveda Pharm. 2010;1(1):33–42
  8. Salami R, Feizi A, Amini M, Iraj B. The profile of hypertension and dyslipidemia in prediabetic subjects; results of the Isfahan Diabetes Prevention program: A large population-based study. Adv Biomed Res. 2015;4(1)
  9. Lalitha P, V AP, K PB. Lipid patterns in Prediabetic and diabetic patients in Rural tertiary care centre. Int J Biol Med Res. 2013;3(1):3181–4
  10. Adeneye AA, Adeyemi OO, Agbaje EO. Anti-obesity and antihyperlipidaemic effect of Hunteria umbellata seed extract in experimental hyperlipidaemia. J Ethnopharmacol. 2010;130(2):307–14
  11. Gepts W, Lecompte PM. The Pancreatic Islets in Diabetes. Am J Med. 1981;70(1):105–15
  12. Hsu C-Y, Chao P-Y, Hu S-P, Yang C-M. The Antioxidant and Free Radical Scavenging Activities of Chlorophylls and Pheophytins. Food Nutr Sci. 2013;04(08):1–8
  13. Leonowicz G, Trzebuniak KF, Zimak-Piekarczyk P, Ślesak I, Mysliwa-Kurdziel B. The activity of superoxide dismutases (SODs) at the early stages of wheat deetiolation. PLoS One. 2018;13(3)
  14. European Food Safety Authority. Scientific Opinion on the substantiation of health claims related to superoxide dismutase (SOD) and protection of DNA, proteins and lipids from oxidative damage, protection of the skin from photo-oxidative (UV-induced) damage (ID 2305, 3161), reduction of. EFSA J. 2010;8(10)
  15. Lanfer-Marquez UM, Barros RMC, Sinnecker P. Antioxidant activity of chlorophylls and their derivatives. Food Res Int. 2005;38(8–9):885–91
  16. Setiari N, Nurchayati Y. Eksplorasi Kandungan Klorofil pada beberapa Sayuran Hijau sebagai Alternatif Bahan Dasar Food Supplement. BIOMA. 2009;11(1):6–10
  17. Nissa C, Kartasurya MI, Rahmawati B. Effects of Chlorophyll in Papaya Leaves on Superoxide Dismutation and Blood Glucose Level of Diabetic Rats. Makara J Heal Res. 2015;19(2):75–80
  18. Juárez-Rojop IE, Tovilla-Zárate CA, Aguilar-Domínguez DE, Fuente LFR de la, Lobato-García CE, Blé-Castillo JL, et al. Phytochemical screening and hypoglycemic activity of carica papaya leaf in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats. Brazilian J Pharmacogn. 2014;24(3):341–7
  19. Otsuki N, Dang NH, Kumagai E, Kondo A, Iwata S, Morimoto C. Aqueous extract of Carica papaya leaves exhibits anti-tumor activity and immunomodulatory effects. J Ethnopharmacol. 2010;127(3):760–7
  20. Zetina-Esquivel AM, Tovilla-Zárate CA, Guzmán-Garcia C, Rodríguez-Hernández A, Castell-Rodríguez AE, Ble-Castillo JL, et al. Effect of Carica Papaya Leaf Extract on Serum Lipids and Liver Metabolic Parameters of Rats Fed a High Cholesterol Diet. Health (Irvine Calif). 2015;7(9):1196–205
  21. Ayoola PB, Adeyeye A. Phytochemical and Nutrient Evaluation of Carica Papaya ( Pawpaw ) Leaves. IJRRAS. 2010;5(3):325–8
  22. Alli Smith Y, Adanlawo IG. Tissue lipid profile of rats administered saponin extract from the root of bitter kola. Adv Biochem. 2013;1(1):1–4
  23. Parikh P, Mani U, Iyer U. Role of Spirulina in the Control of Glycemia and Lipidemia in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus. J Med Food. 2001;4(4):193–9
  24. Pan W-H, Yeh W-T. How to define obesity? Evidence-based multiple action points for public awareness, screening, and treatment: an extension of Asian-Pacific recommendations. Asia Pac J Clin Nutr. 2008;17(3):370–4
  25. Dugan J, Cantillep A, Newberry K, Shubrook J. A call to action on prediabetes. J Am Acad Physician Assist. 2018;31(10):26–30
  26. Juárez-Rojop IE, Díaz-Zagoya JC, Ble-Castillo JL, Miranda-Osorio PH, Castell-Rodríguez AE, Tovilla-Zárate CA, et al. Hypoglycemic effect of Carica papaya leaves in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats. BMC Complement Altern Med. 2012;12(236):3–11
  27. Sheneni VD, Shaibu IE, Okpe JM, Omada AA. In-vivo biological effect of Carica papaya leaf extracts on P-407 induced hyperlipidemic Wistar rats. MOJ Food Process Technol. 2018;6(4):409–12
  28. Ferruzzi MG, Böhm V, Courtney PD, Schwartz SJ. Antioxidant and antimutagenic activity of dietary chlorophyll derivatives determined by radical scavenging and bacterial reverse mutagenesis assays. J Food Sci. 2002;67(7):2589–95
  29. Kusmita L. The Influence of Strong and Weak Acid Upon Aggregation and Pheophytinization of Chlorophyll A and B. Indo J Chem. 2009;9(1):70–6
  30. Horton R, Moran LA, Ochs RS, Rawn DJ, Scrimgeour KG. Principles of Biochemistry. 2002. 491 p
  31. Hamden K, Jaouadi B, Zaraî N, Rebai T, Carreau S, Elfeki A. Inhibitory effects of estrogens on digestive enzymes, insulin deficiency, and pancreas toxicity in diabetic rats. J Physiol Biochem. 2011;67(1):121–8
  32. Komolafe K, Olaleye MT, Akindahunsi AA. Lipid-Lowering Effect of Parkia Biglobosa Leaf Saponins in Triton-X 1339- Induced Hyperlipidemic Rats. Res J Pharm Biol Chem Sci. 2013;4(1):576–85
  33. Karimah F. Pengaruh Pemberian Klorofil dari Tanaman Alfalfa (Medicago Sativa) terhadap Kadar Kolesterol Total Tikus Putih (Rattus Norvegicus) Strain Wistar. Surakarta : Universitas Sebelas Maret; 2010
  34. Ekananda N. Bay Leaf in Dyslipidemia Therapy. Artik Rev J Major. 2015;4(4):64–9
  35. Ismoyojati Y, Ismoyowati, Suswoyo I. Kadar Kolesterol dan Trigliserida dalam Darah Itik Rambin Jantan yang Diberi Tepung Daun Salam (Syzygium poluanthum) dalam Ransum. J Ilm Peternak. 2014;2(146–154)
  36. Carvajal-Zarrabal O, Waliszewski SM, Barradas-Dermitz DM, Orta-Flores Z, Hayward-Jones PM, Nolasco-Hipólito C, et al. The consumption of Hibiscus sabdariffa dried calyx ethanolic extract reduced lipid profile in rats. Plant Foods Hum Nutr. 2005;60(4):153–9
  37. Tebib K, Besançon P, Rouanet JM. Dietary grape seed tannins affect lipoproteins, lipoprotein lipases and tissue lipids in rats fed hypercholesterolemic diets. J Nutr. 1994;124(12):2451–7
  38. Rahayu S, Tjitraresmi A. Review Artikel: Tanaman Pepaya (Carica papaya L.) dan Manfaatnya Dalam Pengobatan. Farmaka. 2016;14(1):1–17
  39. Lee Y, Siddiqui WJ. Cholesterol levels. StatPearls Publishing LLC.; 2020. 1–17 p
  40. Wu N-Q, Li J-J. Clinical considerations of lipid target and goal in dyslipidemia control. Chronic Dis Transl Med. 2016;2(1):3–6
  41. Magalhães MEC. New cholesterol targets of SBC Guidelines on Dyslipidemia. Int J Cardiovasc Sci. 2017;30(6):466–8

Last update:

No citation recorded.

Last update:

No citation recorded.