DOI: https://doi.org/10.14710/jnc.v9i3.27515

ANALISIS MIKROBIOLOGI DAN MUTU GIZI KEFIR SUSU KAMBING BERDASARKAN WAKTU FORTIFIKASI VITAMIN B12

Departemen Ilmu Gizi, Fakultas Kedokteran, Universitas Diponegoro, Indonesia

Received: 12 May 2020; Published: 15 Sep 2020.

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Abstract

Latar belakang: Susu kambing mempunyai kandungan vitamin B12 rendah dibandingkan susu sapi yaitu 0,065 mg/100 gr. Salah satu cara untuk meningkatkan kandungan vitamin B12 pada susu kambing dengan membuat produk olahan kefir yang difortifikasi vitamin B12. Penambahan vitamin B12 pada kefir didasarkan pada kurfa pertumbuhan bakteri pada kefir.

Tujuan: Menganalisis karakteristik mikrobiologi dan mutu gizi kefir susu kambing pada berbagai waktu fortifikasi vitamin B12

Metode: Penelitian ini merupakan true experimental dengan rancangan acak lengkap satu faktor, yaitu dengan fortifikasi vitamin B12 pada jam ke-0,6,12,18,34 fermentasi kefir susu kambing. Kandungan vitamin B12 dan protein diuji menggunakan metode spektrofotometri, serat diuji menggunakan metode grafimetri, lemak diuji menggunakan metode babcock, total bakteri asam laktat (BAL) dihitung menggunakan metode Total Plate Count, viskositas diuji menggunakan metode viskometer ostwald, dan derajat keasaman (pH) di ukur menggunakan pH meter.

Hasil: Waktu fortifikasi vitamin B12 tidak berdampak signifikan pada kandungan vitamin B12 (p=0,169), kandungan protein (p= 0,343), total BAL (p=0,442). Kandungan vitamin B12 dan total BAL tertinggi pada waktu fortifikasi jam ke-6, kandungan protein tertinggi pada waktu fortifikasi jam ke-6 dan jam ke-12. Selain itu terdapat pengaruh waktu fortifikasi vitamin B12 terhadap kandungan serat (p=0,028), kandungan lemak (p=0,000), viskositas (p=0,007), pH (p=0,045). Kandungan serat tertinggi pada waktu fortifikasi jam ke-24, dan kandungan lemak, viskositas, pH tertinggi pada faktu fortifikasi jam ke-18

Simpulan: Waktu fortifikasi vitamin B12 mempengaruhi kandungan serat, lemak, viskositas, dan pH pada kefir susu kambing. Kandungan vitamin B12, protein, dan total bakteri asam laktat tidak dipengaruhi oleh waktu fortifikasi vitamin B12.

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Keywords: kefir susu kambing, vitamin B12, karakteristik mikrobiologi, mutu gizi, waktu fortifikasi

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