DOI: https://doi.org/10.14710/jnc.v8i4.25834

ANALISIS KADAR PROTEIN, ASAM AMINO, DAN DAYA TERIMA PEMBERIAN MAKANAN TAMBAHAN (PMT) PEMULIHAN BERBASIS LABU KUNING (CUCURBITA MOSCHATA) UNTUK BATITA GIZI KURANG

Departemen Ilmu Gizi, Fakultas Kedokteran, Universitas Diponegoro, Indonesia

Received: 26 Nov 2019; Published: 26 Nov 2019.

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Abstract

Latar Belakang: Batita dengan status gizi kurang memiliki risiko morbiditas dan mortalitas yang lebih tinggi. Pemberian Makanan Tambahan (PMT) Pemulihan yang terbuat dengan bahan-bahan bernilai gizi tinggi seperti labu kuning (Cucurbita moschata) dapat menjadi alternatif makanan yang baik. Tujuan penelitian adalah untuk menganalisis perbedaan kandungan protein, asam amino, dan daya terima dari PMT-P berbasis labu kuning dengan tiga macam formulasi.

Metode: Tiga macam formulasi—20% biji labu (A1); 25% biji labu (A2); 30% biji labu (A3) —diuji dalam eksperimen rancangan acak lengkap dengan tiga ulangan, kecuali untuk uji kandungan asam amino yang hanya dilakukan satu pengulangan. Kandungan protein diuji dengan metode Kjeldahl, di mana kandungan asam amino dianalisis dengan metode HPLC. Uji organoleptik dilakukan dengan uji hedonik berskala 5 pada 25 orang panelis. Perbedaan kandungan protein diuji dengan One Way ANOVA dan daya terima dianalisis dengan uji Kruskal-Wallis pada α = 5%. Sedangkan kandungan asam amino dianalisis secara deskriptif.

Hasil: Kadar protein (% w/w) menunjukkan perbedaan signifikan antarformulasi (p = 0,000), dengan kandungan tertinggi pada formulasi A3 (13,87±0,30), diikuti dengan A2 (11,70±0,19) and A1 (9,63±0,23). Formulasi dengan kadar asam amino (% w/w) tertinggi secara keseluruhan adalah pada formulasi A3 (10,00), diikuti dengan A2 (8,65) dan A1 (7,39). Tingkat kesukaan tertinggi dari segi penampilan, warna, dan aroma ditemukan pada formulasi A1 (p = 0,007; 0,000; and 0,028).

Simpulan: Formulasi PMT-P berbasis labu kuning dengan 30% biji labu kuning memiliki kandungan protein dan asam amino tertinggi, sedangkan PMT-P dengan 20% biji labu kuning memiliki tingkat kesukaan paling tinggi. Formulasi yang direkomendasikan untuk digunakan adalah formulasi A1.

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Keywords: protein; asam amino; biji labu kuning; PMT; batita; gizi kurang

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