DOI: https://doi.org/10.14710/jnc.v15i4.51620

KADAR CRP DAN KUALITAS TIDUR PADA OBESITAS: MENGURAI JALUR PERADANGAN

1Departemen Ilmu Gizi, Fakultas Kedokteran, Universitas Diponegoro, Semarang, Jawa Tengah, Indonesia

2Departemen Teknologi Pangan, Fakultas Peternakan dan Pertanian, Universitas Diponegoro, Semarang, Jawa Tengah, Indonesia

Received: 17 Sep 2025; Revised: 9 Jul 2026; Accepted: 13 Jul 2026; Available online: 30 Oct 2026; Published: 30 Oct 2026.

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Abstract

ABSTRACT

Background: In obesity, adipose tissue as endocrine organ that releases pro-inflammatory cytokines, leading to low-grade chronic inflammation. C-Reactive Protein (CRP) is a key inflammatory marker triggered by cytokines such as IL-6 and TNF-α  Poor sleep quality and obesity are linked to increased systemic inflammation. Sleep disorders like insomnia and obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) also promote inflammation by activating the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis and the sympathetic nervous system.

Objective: This review explores the two-way relationship between sleep disturbances, obesity, and inflammation, with a focus on the role of CRP as a central link among them.

Methods: This study is a narrative literature review that analyzes articles based on their aims, methods, and findings. Relevant national and international articles were identified through systematic searches in databases including Wiley Online Library, PubMed, and ScienceDirect.

Results: Sleep disturbances, inflammation, and obesity are closely linked in a cycle that worsens each condition. Chronic stress activates the HPA axis and sympathetic nervous system, raising stress hormones and affecting appetite control. Poor sleep can increase appetite and lead to obesity, which then further disrupts sleep, especially through conditions like OSA and inflammation. Both poor sleep and obesity raise levels of inflammatory markers like IL-6, TNF-α, and CRP, which contribute to insulin resistance and higher risk of cardiometabolic diseases. To prevent and manage these conditions, an integrated approach that includes improving sleep, managing weight, and reducing inflammation is needed.

Conclusion: Sleep disturbances and obesity are interrelated and exacerbate systemic inflammation, playing a significant role in the progression of cardiometabolic diseases. Thus, preventive strategies should integrate sleep management, weight control, and targeted anti-inflammatory interventions.

Keyword: C-Reactive Protein; Sleep Disorder; Obesity; Low grade Chronic Inflammation

 

ABSTRAK

Latar Belakang: Pada kondisi obesitas, jaringan adiposa mengeluarkan sitokin pro-inflamasi, sehingga memicu inflamasi kronik tingkat rendah. C-Reactive Protein (CRP) merupakan penanda inflamasi utama yang dipicu oleh sitokin seperti IL-6 dan TNF-α. Kualitas tidur yang buruk dan obesitas berhubungan dengan peningkatan inflamasi sistemik Gangguan tidur seperti insomnia dan obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) juga meningkatkan inflamasi melalui aktivasi aksis hipotalamus-hipofisis-adrenal (HPA) dan sistem saraf simpatis.

Tujuan : mengeksplorasi hubungan timbal balik antara gangguan tidur, obesitas, dan inflamasi, dengan menyoroti peran CRP sebagai penghubung utama di antara ketiganya.

Metode: Penelitian ini merupakan literature review dengan metode naratif dalam mengkaji artikel berdasarkan tujuan, metode dan hasil yang disajikan dari artikel tersebut. Pencarian artikel dilakukan dengan menggunakan artikel nasional dan internasional yang ditelusuri dengan database Wiley Online Library, PubMed, dan ScienceDirect.

Hasil: Penelusuran 7 artikel yang diperoleh untuk  Gangguan tidur, inflamasi, dan obesitas saling terkait dalam suatu siklus yang memperburuk masing-masing kondisi. Stres kronis mengaktifkan aksis HPA dan sistem saraf simpatis, meningkatkan hormon stres, dan mengganggu regulasi nafsu makan. Tidur yang buruk dapat meningkatkan nafsu makan dan menyebabkan obesitas, yang selanjutnya memperburuk kualitas tidur, terutama melalui OSA dan inflamasi. Kedua kondisi ini meningkatkan kadar IL-6, TNF-α, dan CRP, yang berkontribusi pada resistensi insulin dan peningkatan risiko penyakit kardiometabolik.

Kesimpulan: Gangguan tidur dan obesitas saling memengaruhi dan memperburuk inflamasi sistemik, yang memainkan peran penting dalam progresivitas penyakit kardiometabolik. Oleh karena itu, strategi pencegahan harus mencakup manajemen tidur, pengendalian berat badan, dan intervensi antiinflamasi secara terpadu.

Kata kunci: C-Reactive Protein; Gangguan Tidur; Obesitas; Inflamasi Kronik; Penyakit Kardiometabolik

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Keywords: C-Reactive Protein; Gangguan Tidur; Obesitas; Inflamasi Kronik; Penyakit Kardiometabolik

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