DOI: https://doi.org/10.14710/jnc.v13i4.40798

HUBUNGAN DEPRESI DAN MALNUTRISI PADA LANJUT USIA: STUDI LITERATUR

Rumah Sakit TK.II Kartika Husada, Kubu Raya, Kalimantan Barat,, Indonesia

Received: 7 Sep 2023; Revised: 5 Sep 2024; Accepted: 19 Sep 2024; Available online: 22 Oct 2024; Published: 22 Oct 2024.

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Abstract

ABSTRACT

Background: Elderly are susceptible to disease and experience a decrease in body function, and their number is increasing both globally and nationally. Maintaining the elderly in optimal conditions is very important, but malnutrition prevalence in the elderly is high. Malnutrition can be caused by various factors, one of which is depression.

Objectives: The aim of this literature study was to review the latest research related to depression with malnutrition in the elderly

Methods: The search for 2011 – 2021 English-language articles were carried out on the PubMed, SpringerLink, ScienceDirect, DOAJ, and ResearchGate databases using the keyword Depression AND (Nutritional Status OR Malnutrition) AND Elderly and it was found that 13 articles were selected based on inclusion criteria, including articles with elderly subjects aged ≥60 years in the community, a minimum sample of 50 respondents, a cross-sectional or prospective cohort study, analyzed the relationship between variables, and data collection using valid instruments by a trained people.

Results: Depression is independently significantly related to nutritional status in the elderly. Depression can reduce appetite. Reduced appetite will cause decrease in food intake and cause a decrease in nutritional status. Depression can also affect food’s choices so that elder chose low nutrtionous food and nutrition requirement can not be reached. Malnutrition can also affect depression due to the lack of certain nutrients that affect neurotransmitter in the brain. The difference in the sample’s characteristics can affect the relationship of the variables.

Conclusion: The existence of a relationship between the two variables found in most of the studies indicates that depression is an important factor that can lead to malnutrition in the elderly. However manultrition is a complex problem that need interdisciplinary approach.

Keywords: Elderly; Depression; Malnutrition, Nutritional status

 

ABSTRAK

Latar belakang: Lansia rentan terhadap penyakit, mengalami penurunan fungsi tubuh dan jumlahnya makin meningkat baik secara global maupun secara nasional. Menjaga kondisi lansia dalam keadaan optimal sangat penting, namun prevalensi lansia dengan malnutrisi cukup tinggi. Malnutrisi dapat disebabkan oleh berbagai faktor, salah satunya depresi.

Tujuan: Mengkaji penelitian terkini terkait hubungan depresi dan malnutrisi pada lansia

Metode: Pencarian artikel berbahasa Inggris tahun 2013 - 2023 dilakukan pada database PubMed, SpringerLink, ScienceDirect, DOAJ, dan ResearchGate dengan penggunaan kata kunci Depression AND (Nutritional Status OR Malnutrition) AND Elderly dan ditemukan sebanyak 13 artikel terpilih yang telah disesuaikan dengan kriteria inklusi, yaitu artikel dengan subjek lansia berusia ≥ 60tahun di komunitas, sampel minimal 50 responden, desain cross sectional atau cohort prospective, menganalisis hubungan antar variabel, dan pengambilan data dengan instrumen yang valid oleh orang yang terlatih.

Hasil: Depresi secara independen berhubungan signifikan dengan status gizi pada lansia. Depresi dapat mengurangi selera makan. Penurunan pada selera makan akan menurunkan asupan makan, sehingga menyebabkan penurunan status gizi. Depresi juga dapat memengaruhi dalam pemilihan jenis makanan, sehingga lansia memilih makanan yang kurang bernutrisi, akibatnya kebutuhan gizi tidak dapat terpenuhi. Malnutrisi juga dapat memengaruhi kondisi depresi akibat kekurangan zat gizi tertentu yang memengaruhi neurotransmiter di otak. Perbedaan karakteristik sampel dapat memengaruhi keterkaitan variabel.

Simpulan: Depresi merupakan dapat mendorong terjadinya malnutrisi pada lansia. Walaupun demikian malnutrisi merupakan suatu permasalahan yang kompleks, oleh karena itu membutuhkan pendekatan secara interdisipliner.

Kata Kunci : Depresi; Lansia; Malnutrisi; Status Gizi

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Keywords: Depresi; Lansia; Malnutrisi; Status Gizi

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