DOI: https://doi.org/10.14710/jnc.v9i2.27384

PERBEDAAN ASUPAN ZAT GIZI SAAT SARAPAN PADA SISWA SEKOLAH DASAR STUNTING DAN TIDAK STUNTING DI KOTA KUPANG

Program Studi Gizi, Politeknik Kesehatan Kementerian Kesehatan Kupang, Indonesia

Received: 13 Apr 2020; Published: 4 Jun 2020.

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Abstract

Latar Belakang: Stunting menggambarkan kegagalan pertumbuhan dan sering ditemui pada anak sekolah. Stunting dapat menurunkan kualitas generasi di masa mendatang. Anak stunting perlu diberikan sarapan agar dapat fokus pada pelajaran dan beraktivitas optimal di sekolah.

Tujuan: Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk menganalisis beda asupan zat gizi makro dan mikro saat sarapan pada siswa sekolah dasar stunting dan tidak stunting di Kota Kupang.

Metode: Desain case control diterapkan dalam studi ini. Penelitian dilaksanakan pada bulan Mei sampai Agustus 2019 di SD Inpres Maulafa dan SD Negeri Kelapa Lima, Kota Kupang. Variabel bebas dalam penelitian ini adalah asupan zat gizi, meliputi karbohidrat, protein, lemak, zat besi, seng, vitamin A, dan kalsium, sedangkan variabel terikat, yaitu stunting. Asupan zat gizi dikumpulkan menggunakan form food recall 1x24 jam dan status stunting ditentukan dengan melakukan pengukuran tinggi badan menggunakan microtoise kemudian dihitung menggunakan indikator TB/U. Sampel penelitian adalah siswa kelas 5 dengan jumlah 58 siswa stunting dan 58 siswa tidak stunting yang dipilih menggunakan teknik consecutive sampling dan diuji dengan independent t-test.

Hasil: Lebih banyak responden berjenis kelamin perempuan yang stunting (58,6%). Ada perbedaan asupan karbohidrat (p=0,022), protein (p=0,044), lemak (p=0,046), zat besi (p=0,035) dan seng (p=0,043) saat sarapan pada siswa stunting dan tidak stunting.

Simpulan: Ada perbedaan asupan zat gizi makro dan mikro saat sarapan pada siswa sekolah dasar stunting dan tidak stunting di Kota Kupang.

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Keywords: sarapan; stunting; zat gizi makro; zat gizi mikro

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