Kontestasi Partai Politik di Sumatera Utara pada Masa Demokrasi Liberal 1952-1955

Abstract

This study aims to convey the contestation of political parties in North Sumatra on Liberal Democracy Period in 1952-1955. Using the historical method, it focused on the conflict between political attitudes of North Sumatran and political parties through various concepts, such as democracy, conflict, contestation, and ideology. In Liberal Democracy Period, some of the political events in North Sumatra impacted the national political situation. Generally, there were three main issues impacted to the political contestation in the regional and national level, including land dispute, armed conflict, and oil-well matters. These events created political friction among society and the political elite. Land dispute in North Sumatra created two opposing attitudes who support the land to be given to foreign capital and the opponent. The armed conflict in Aceh created four political attitudes, including the rebels, the government, the Islamic traditional clerics, and the neutral. Meanwhile, North Sumatra oil-well matter created the supporter for nationalization and the supporter against the foreign capital. These political attitudes impacted to result of the Indonesian first election in 1955. The winner parties in the election were Masyumi, PNI, Parkindo, and PKI. Those parties had a strong influence on colonial, revolution, and Liberal Democracy Period. The winner of these elections gained positions in parliament.