Effect of Plum Fruit Extract (Prunus Domestica L) on Hepar Histology in Male Wistar Rats (Rattus Norvegicus) Induced Alloxan

Abstract

Background: The condition of blood glucose levels exceeding normal limits is hyperglycemia. Hyperglycemia can lead to complications in organs. Glucose levels that exceed normal limits can be reduced by chemical drugs but have side effects such as hypoglycemia and hepar damage. Therefore, the public needs safe alternative treatment with minimal side effects. Consuming fruit is an alternative treatment for plums. Plums contain flavonoids that can increase adiponectin levels which play an important role in regulating blood glucose levels. Researchers are interested in conducting this study because there has been no research on the influence of plums on hyperglycemia.
Objective: Analyzing the effect of giving plum (Prunus domestica L) extract on hepar histology of male Wistar rats (Rattus norvegicus) hyperglycemic with alloxan induction.
Method: The type of research is experimental, with a posttest design and only a control group design. Total of 35 Wistar were divided into five groups i.e., negative control (K-) was given aquadest, positive control (K+) and treatment group induced with intraperitoneal alloxan 150 mg/kgBW/day, treatment group 1 (KP 1), treatment group 2 (KP 2), treatment group 3 (KP 3) given peroral 100, 200, 300 mg/kgBW/day plum extract. Days 0, 3, 7 and 14 measure blood glucose levels. On the 14th day the Wistar was dissected and made a preparatory block followed by hematoxylin-eosin staining. Observations were conducted under the microscope with magnification of 100x and or 400x and assessed necrosis on hepar using Mordue scores.
Result: The group that was given plum extract after being given Alloxan (KP 1, KP 2, and KP 3) had significant differences from the group given only Alloxan (K+), which means the administration of plum extract can suppress blood sugar levels and lower the necrosis rate of hepar rats.
Conclusion: Blood sugar levels and necrosis rates in the rat group with the administration of the plum extract at a dose of 300 mg/kgBW/day were lower than doses of 100 mg/kgBW/day and 200 mg/kgBW/day.