DOI: https://doi.org/10.14710/jnc.v15i4.54370

PERAN KETERLIBATAN AYAH DALAM PENCEGAHAN STUNTING PADA ANAK USIA 6-24 BULAN: LITERATURE REVIEW

Departemen Ilmu Gizi, Fakultas Kedokteran, Universitas Diponegoro, Semarang, Jawa Tengah, Indonesia

Received: 17 Dec 2025; Revised: 17 Mar 2026; Accepted: 17 Mar 2026; Available online: 30 Oct 2026; Published: 30 Oct 2026.

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Abstract

ABSTRACT

Background: Stunting remains a major nutritional problem in Indonesia, particularly among children aged 6-24 months who are in the critical period of the first 1,000 days of life. Stunting prevention programs have largely focused on mothers and children, whereas father involvement also contributes to child feeding practices and caregiving.

Objective: The study aims to analyze the role of father involvement in preventing stunting among children aged 6-24 months through a literature review.

Methods: The study applied a narrative literature review approach. Literature searches were conducted in PubMed and Google Scholar with a publication range from 2022-2026. A total of five primary studies met the inclusion criteria and examined father involvement in childcare, child feeding practices, and their association with children’s nutritional status. Data analysis used thematic synthesis based on similarities in variables and key findings.

Results: Father involvement includes financial, emotional, and educational support, as well as direct participation in childcare. During the age period of 6-24 months, father involvement is particularly related to support for complementary feeding practices, the provision of nutritious foods, and monitoring children’s dietary patterns and growth. Father participation in caregiving practices also increases the utilization of child health services and strengthens family adherence to health workers’ recommendations, thereby supporting optimal linear growth in children.

Conclusion: Father involvement plays an important role in preventing stunting among children aged 6-24 months. Stunting prevention programs should strengthen family education, community support, and policies that encourage active father participation in childcare.

Keywords : Father Involvement; Stunting Prevention; Child Care; Child Nutrition; Children Aged 6-24 Months

 

ABSTRAK

Latar belakang: Stunting masih menjadi masalah gizi utama di Indonesia, terutama pada anak usia 6-24 bulan yang berada pada periode kritis 1.000 Hari Pertama Kehidupan (HPK). Upaya pencegahan stunting selama ini lebih banyak menekankan peran ibu dan anak, padahal keterlibatan ayah juga berkontribusi terhadap praktik pemenuhan gizi dan pengasuhan anak.

Tujuan: Penelitian bertujuan menganalisis peran keterlibatan ayah dalam pencegahan stunting pada anak usia 6-24 bulan melalui tinjauan literatur.

Metode: Penelitian menggunakan metode literature review dengan pendekatan naratif. Penelusuran literatur dilakukan pada basis data PubMed dan Google Scholar dengan rentang publikasi tahun 2022-2026. Artikel yang memenuhi kriteria inklusi berjumlah 5 penelitian primer yang membahas keterlibatan ayah dalam pengasuhan, pemberian makan anak, serta kaitannya dengan status gizi anak. Analisis dilakukan secara tematik berdasarkan kesamaan variabel dan temuan penelitian.

Hasil: Keterlibatan ayah mencakup dukungan finansial, emosional, edukatif, serta partisipasi langsung dalam pengasuhan anak. Pada periode usia 6-24 bulan, keterlibatan ayah terutama berkaitan dengan dukungan terhadap praktik pemberian makanan pendamping ASI (MPASI), penyediaan pangan bergizi, serta pemantauan pola makan dan pertumbuhan anak. Kehadiran ayah dalam praktik pengasuhan juga meningkatkan pemanfaatan layanan kesehatan anak dan kepatuhan keluarga terhadap anjuran tenaga kesehatan sehingga mendukung pertumbuhan linier anak.

Simpulan: Keterlibatan ayah berperan penting dalam pencegahan stunting pada anak usia 6-24 bulan. Program pencegahan stunting perlu memperkuat edukasi keluarga, dukungan komunitas, dan kebijakan yang mendorong peran ayah dalam pengasuhan anak..

Kata Kunci : Keterlibatan Ayah; Pencegahan Stunting; Pengasuhan Anak; Gizi Anak; Anak Usia 6-24 Bulan

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Keywords: Keterlibatan Ayah; Pencegahan Stunting; Pengasuhan Anak; Gizi Anak; Anak Usia 6-24 Bulan

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