Isu Kejahatan Perang dalam Penyelesaian Konflik Azerbaijan-Armenia Memperebutkan Nagorno-Karabakh

Abstract

The conflict between Azerbaijan and Armenia over Nagorno-Karabakh began with
territorial disputes. Nagorno-Karabakh has de facto recognition as Azerbaijan territory, but
95% of its population is Armenian. The relations between both countries continued to
tense after a ceasefire in 1994. War crimes issue also affected these two states conflict
resolution. This research discusses conflict resolution efforts by Azerbaijan and Armenia
and the effect of war crimes issue on their conflict resolution efforts from 2006 to 2015
with the Organization for Security and Cooperation in Europe (OSCE) as mediator. This
research is carried out by using descriptive-explanative and qualitative method. This study
incorporates the framework of Galtung’s triangle conflict theory and conflict resolution
concepts to observe the effect of war crimes issue in conflict resolution between
Azerbaijan and Armenia. This study found that the war crimes issue which affected the
conflict resolution created the unconducive situation for negotiation. Therefore, it is
necessary for those parties to build trust and to reaffirm the importance of international law
and international humanitarian law enforcement, also putting conscience as the
embodiment of a civilized society.