Perbaikan Kualitas Proses Produksi Painting pada Cabin Truk Mitsubishi Canter dengan Menggunakan Metode DMAIC dan Fuzzy FMEA (Studi Kasus: PT Krama Yudha Ratu Motor)

Abstract

Abstract

The implementation of quality control aims to reduce defective products and ensure customer
satisfaction. The research was conducted at PT Krama Yudha Ratu Motor, specifically in the production
process of painting the Mitsubishi Canter truck cabin. Data on product defects were collected, and a
quantitative assessment was carried out using the DMAIC and fuzzy FMEA methods. The objectives of
this research were to identify dominant defects, analyze their causative factors, and propose
improvements to the painting process. The research findings showed that sagging was the dominant
defect, occurring in 77 units out of a total of 395 defects in the last three months of 2022. The causes of
sagging included human factors (lack of knowledge and training of operators on the machine), material
factors (excessive use of thinner during the mixing process), and machine factors (clogging in the airless
gun spray). One specific improvement proposal is to develop work standards for adjusting spray distance
based on the applied paint thickness. Additionally, it is recommended to provide training for operators on
machine operation and production processes across all departments, particularly in the CED painting
department. Regular monitoring is also recommended to ensure better product quality. Therefore, the
implementation of quality control and these improvements aim to reduce product defects and enhance
the quality of the Mitsubishi Canter truck cabin painting production process.

Keywords: defective, DMAIC, fuzzy FMEA, painting, quality control, truck cabin

Abstrak

Penerapan pengendalian kualitas bertujuan mengurangi produk cacat dan memastikan kepuasan
pelanggan. Penelitian dilakukan pada PT Krama Yudha Ratu Motor, khususnya pada proses produksi
painting cabin truk Mitsubishi Canter. Data tentang kecacatan produk dikumpulkan, dan penilaian
dilakukan secara kuantitatif menggunakan metode DMAIC dan fuzzy FMEA. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah
mengidentifikasi kecacatan dominan, menganalisis faktor penyebabnya, dan mengusulkan perbaikan
pada proses painting. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa sagging adalah kecacatan dominan, terjadi
sebanyak 77 unit dari total 395 kecacatan dalam tiga bulan terakhir Tahun 2022. Penyebab sagging
meliputi faktor manusia (kurangnya pengetahuan dan pelatihan operator pada mesin), faktor material
(penggunaan thinner yang berlebihan saat proses pencampuran), dan faktor mesin (sumbatan pada
airless gun spray). Salah satu usulan perbaikan yang spesifik adalah mengembangkan standar kerja
untuk menyetel jarak penyemprotan berdasarkan ketebalan cat yang diaplikasikan. Selain itu,
disarankan untuk melaksanakan pelatihan operator mengenai pengoperasian mesin dan proses
produksi di seluruh departemen, terutama di departemen painting CED. Pengawasan rutin juga
direkomendasikan untuk memastikan kualitas produk yang lebih baik. Dengan demikian, penerapan
pengendalian kualitas dan perbaikan ini bertujuan mengurangi kecacatan produk dan meningkatkan
kualitas proses produksi painting cabin truk Mitsubishi Canter.

Kata kunci: DMAIC, fuzzy FMEA, kabin truk, kecacatan, pengecatan, pengendalian kualitas