Analisis Space Layout Strategy Terminal Peti Kemas Dalam Percepatan Proses Dwelling Time Bongkar Muat Pada IPC TPK Area Tanjung Priok 2

Richard Kurniawan  -  Department of Naval Architecture, Universitas Diponegoro, Jl. Prof. Sudarto, SH, Tembalang, Semarang, Indonesia 50275, Indonesia
*Wilma Amiruddin  -  Department of Naval Architecture, Universitas Diponegoro, Jl. Prof. Sudarto, SH, Tembalang, Semarang, Indonesia 50275, Indonesia
Andi Trimulyono  -  Department of Naval Architecture, Universitas Diponegoro, Jl. Prof. Sudarto, SH, Tembalang, Semarang, Indonesia 50275, Indonesia

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Abstract

Transportasi laut memiliki peran vital dalam mendukung arus perdagangan internasional, terutama melalui aktivitas bongkar muat peti kemas di pelabuhan. PT. IPC Terminal Petikemas sebagai operator utama di Pelabuhan Tanjung Priok menghadapi tantangan meningkatnya dwelling time akibat lonjakan volume peti kemas. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis strategi penataan ruang (space layout strategy) guna mempercepat proses dwelling time bongkar muat, dengan mempertimbangkan aspek teknis, ekonomi, dan operasional. Metodologi yang digunakan mencakup analisis data primer dan sekunder, peramalan throughput serta arus kapal periode 2025–2029 menggunakan metode Average Growth Rate (AGR) dan regresi linear, serta simulasi operasional bongkar muat menggunakan perangkat lunak FlexSim. Simulasi dilakukan terhadap lima skenario jumlah lapisan penumpukan kontainer (3 hingga 7 lapis) dengan RTG crane menggunakan algoritma greedy untuk mengevaluasi konfigurasi optimal. Hasil menunjukkan bahwa peningkatan stacking layer dari 3 menjadi 7 lapis dapat menaikkan kapasitas penyimpanan hingga 132,9%, tetapi menyebabkan peningkatan waktu pemuatan (TCRANE) dari 201,68 menjadi 334 menit, dan konsumsi energi RTG dari 67,73 kWh menjadi 107,1 kWh. Selain itu, reshuffling (TSCO) meningkat secara signifikan, sehingga total dwelling time mencapai 568,5 menit pada skenario 7 lapis. Evaluasi menunjukkan bahwa konfigurasi 5–6 lapis merupakan solusi paling optimal karena mampu menyeimbangkan efisiensi ruang, waktu bongkar muat, dan konsumsi energi. Hasil forecasting juga menunjukkan tren peningkatan arus kapal domestik dan ocean going, sehingga peningkatan kapasitas layanan terminal menjadi kebutuhan mendesak. Strategi penataan ruang dengan peningkatan vertikal terbukti efektif tanpa memerlukan perluasan lahan, serta memberikan kontribusi praktis dan teoritis dalam pengelolaan terminal peti kemas berbasis data dan simulasi.

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Keywords: Throughput; Forecasting; Waktu Pelayanan; Simulation Flexsim; Utilitas; Dwelling Time
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Language : EN
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