JENIS TEKSTUR TANAH DAN BAHAN ORGANIK PADA HABITAT KERANG AIR TAWAR (FAMILI: UNIONIDAE) DI RAWA PENING

Abstract

Rawa Pening merupakan danau air tawar di Jawa Tengah yang memiliki potensi sumberdaya perikanan beragam, diantaranya kerang air tawar. Kerang air tawar biasanya digunakan untuk makanan ternak dan dikonsumsi masyarakat. Tujuan penelitian untuk mengetahui jenis kerang air tawar, jenis tekstur tanah dan kandungan bahan organik pada habitat kerang air tawar di perairan Rawa Pening. Penelitian dilaksanakan pada bulan Juni–Juli 2014. Metode penelitian menggunakan metode studi kasus, sementara data menggunakan analisis deskriptif. Pengambilan sampel dilakukan dengan metode sistematis sampling. Lokasi penelitian di Tambak Rejo, Bejalen, Asinan dan Sumurup yang merupakan tempat nelayan mencari kerang air tawar. Pengambilan sampel substrat dasar menggunakan satu kuadran transek berukuran 1x1 metersecara acak dengan bantuan pralon sebagai modifikasi Ekman. Sampling dilakukan pada 4 lokasi dengan 6 stasiun pada masing-masing lokasi. Hasil penelitian didapat dua jenis kerang air tawar yaitu Anodonta sp. dan Unio sp. dengan jumlah 191 ekor dan 349 ekor. Tekstur tanah pada habitat kerang air tawar ini terdiri dari tiga fraksi yaitu pasir 0,98%, lempung 46,67% dan liat 52,81%. Fraksi substrat yang mendominasi adalah liat. Rerata kandungan bahan organik pada habitat kerang air tawar berkisar 12,59% - 19,50%.

Rawa Pening is a freshwater lake located in the Central Java which has various fisheries resources, including freshwater clam. The clam is often used as animal feed and also consumed by local people. The purpose of this research were to determine the kind of freshwater clam, soil texture and organic matter content in the freshwater clam habitat in Rawa Pening. This research was conducted on June to July 2014. The method used in this research was case study, while data was analysed descriptively. Systematic sampling was used to collect samples. The locations selected were Tambak Rejo, Bejalen, Asinan and Sumurup, was an area where fishermen colecting the clam. Samples of substrate was collecting randomly by 1 x 1 m² transect quadrants at each station and supported by a modified Ekman (pipe). Sampling was conducted at 4 locations and located each consist of six stations. The result shows that, two genus of freshwater clam were collected, they were Anodonta sp. and Unio sp. and the number of both clam were 191 and 349, respectively. The kind of soil texture at the freshwater clam habitat of Anodonta sp. and Unio sp. consists of three fractions, sand 0,98%, loam 46,67% and clay 52,81%. The substrated was dominated by clay. The average of the organic matter in the freshwater clam habitat of both clam was ranging from 12,59% to 19,50%.