HUBUNGAN TINGKAT KERENTANAN PANTAI DAN PRODUKSI TAMBAK DI KECAMATAN JUWANA KABUPATEN PATI, JAWA TENGAH (Relation of Coastal Vulnerability Index and Pond Production in Juwana, Pati, Central Java)

Abstract

Kecamatan Juwana merupakan kawasan pesisir memiliki potensi untuk kegiatan perikanan budidaya yang secara ekonomi sangat berpengaruh terhadap pendapatan daerah, namun karena topografinya yang landai, Kecamatan Juwana rentan terhadap perubahan lingkungan. Tujuan dari penelitian ini untuk mengetahui tingkat kerentanan pantai, tingkat produksi tambak dan hubungan tingkat kerentanan pantai dan produksi tambak di Kecamatan Juwana. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan pada bulan Juni 2015 di kawasan pesisir Kecamatan Juwana, Kabupaten Pati, Jawa Tengah. Penelitian ini merupakan studi kasus menggunakan metode analisis Indeks Kerentanan Pantai, dengan tujuh variabel dari data primer dan data sekunder. Data primer yaitu geomorfologi serta data tinggi dan lama genangan banjir menggunakan teknik wawancara, sedangkan data sekunder yaitu perubahan garis pantai dan kemiringan pantai dari citra satelit yang diolah menggunakan software ER Mapper 7.0 dan ArcMap 10.2.2, tinggi gelombang, kisaran pasang surut, dan produksi tambak di Kecamatan Juwana Kabupaten Pati. Hasil nilai tingkat kerentanan pantai di Kecamatan Juwana pada tahun 2013 – 2015 berkisar antara 3.3 sampai 3.4 dengan tingkat kerentanan tinggi, nilai produksi tambak di Kecamatan Juwana pada triwulan II dan III lebih tinggi dibanding triwulan I dan IV dan tingkat kerentanan pantai tidak ada hubungannya dengan produksi tambak di Kecamatan Juwana, Pati.

Juwana district is a coastal area that potential for cultivation fishery activities that are economically very influential on local revenue, but because of its sloping topography, Juwana District is vulnerable to environmental changes. The purpose of this research were to know the level of coastal vulnerability, the level of fish pond production and the correlation of coastal vulnerability level and fish pond production in Juwana district. The research was conducted in June 2015 at the coastal area of Juwana district, Central Java. The research is a case study using analysis Coastal Vulnerability Index, that consist of seven variables from primary and secondary data. The primary data included geomorphology observation and data of high and flood inundation period using interview technique, whereas secondary data included change of coastline and coastal slope obtained from Satellite image, that processed by ER Mapper 7.0 software and ArcMap 10.2.2., wave height, tidal range, and fish pond production data collected from the provided data at the Juwana District. The  coastal vulnerability index value of the Juwana district in 2013- 2015 was 3.3- 3.4 which included in the category of high vulnerability, the fish pond production value in Juwana district in the second and third quarters was higher than in the first and fourth quarters and the degree of coastal vulnerability had no relation to the  fish pond production in Juwana district, Pati.