KELIMPAHAN LARVA UDANG PENAEID PADA EKOSISTEM MANGROVE DI DESA PASAR BANGGI, KABUPATEN REMBANG

Abstract

ABSTRAK

Peran ekosistem mangrove sebagai daerah asuhan dan daerah mencari makan bagi larva udang, dimana sumber benih udang secara alami dapat dimanfaatkan oleh petambak. Oleh karena itu, keberadaan larva udang penaeid dapat memberikan informasi tentang data sebaran larva. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui jenis larva udang penaeid di ekosistem mangrove, mengetahui kelimpahan dan dominansi larva udang penaeid dan mengetahui hubungan dan pengaruh variabel kualitas air terhadap kelimpahan larva udang penaeid pada ekosistem mangrove di Desa Pasar Banggi, Kabupaten Rembang. Penelitian dilakukan pada bulan April-Mei 2016. Lokasi penelitian terdiri dari mangrove umur 50 tahun, 7 tahun dan 3 tahun. Teknik pengambilan sampel larva udang dalam penelitian menggunakan metode stratified sampling. Pengambilan sampel larva udang penaeiddengan mendorong scoop netsejauh 50 meter, mesh size 0,5 mm. Jenis larva udang penaeid yang ditemukan selama penelitianyaitu Sicyonia, Trachypenaeus, Xyphopenaeus, Penaeus dan larva tidak teridentifikasi.Larva genus Trachypenaeus dan Penaeus selalu muncul pada ketiga wilayah, sedangkan genus Sicyonia dan Xyphopenaeus tidak muncul satu kali pada mangrove umur 7 tahun dan 3 tahun.Kelimpahan larva udang penaeid tertinggi diperolehselama penelitian pada mangrove umur 3 tahun diikuti mangrove umur 7 tahun dan kelimpahan terendah mangrove umur 50 tahun. Jenis larva udang penaeid yang paling banyak ditemukan adalah Penaeus 76,559%, sedangkan yang paling sedikit adalah Sicyonia 0,215%. Nilai indeks dominansi berkisar 0,371-0,523. Berdasarkan hasil uji multikolinieritas menunjukkan antara suhu, kecepatan arus, kecerahan dan salinitas memiliki hubungan korelasi kuat. Uji analisis regresi berganda menunjukkan antara suhu, kecepatan arus, kecerahan dengan kelimpahan larva udang penaeid berpengaruh positif, sedangkan salinitas dengan kelimpahan larva udang penaeid berpengaruh negatif.

Kata Kunci : Ekosistem mangrove; Larva udang penaeid; Kelimpahan; Desa Pasar Banggi, Kabupaten Rembang

ABSTRACT

The role of mangrove ecosystems as the breeding and feeding area for shrimp larvae can be used by farmers naturally. Therefore, the existence of penaeid shrimp larvae can provide information about the distribution of the larvae. The purpose of this study is to determine the type of penaeid shrimp larvae in the mangrove ecosystem, to determine the abundance and dominance of penaeid shrimp larvae and to determine the results of multicoliniearity test and multiple regression analysisof penaeid shrimp larvae in the mangrove ecosystem in Pasar Banggi Village, Rembang. The study was conducted on April-Mei 2016. The location of research consists of mangrove age of 50 years, mangrove age of 7 years and mangrove age of 3 years. The sampling technique for collecting the shrimp larvae is stratified sampling method. Penaeid shrimp larvae sampling was done by pushing scoop net as far as 50 meters, mesh size of 0.5 mm. Penaeid shrimp larvae type that were found during the researchare Sicyonia, Trachypenaeus, Xyphopenaeus, Penaeus and unidentified larvae. Larvae genus Trachypenaeus and Penaeus always appear in the all three areas, while the genus Sicyonia and Xyphopenaeus do not appear once in mangrove age of 7 years and mangrove age of 3 years. The highest abundance of penaeid shrimp larvae obtained during the study in mangrove age of 3 years followed mangrove age of 7 years and the lowest abundance in mangrove age of 50 years. Penaeid shrimp larvae type most commonly found are Penaeus 76.559%, while the least is Sicyonia 0.215%. Dominance index values ranged from 0.371 to 0.523. Based on the results of multi-coliniearity test, temperature, current speed, brightness and salinity have strong correlation. Multiple regression analysis showed that the relation between temperature, current speed, brightness with the abundance of penaeid shrimp larvae are positive, while the relation between salinity with the abundance of penaeid shrimp larvae is negative. Keywords :Mangrove ecosystem; Penaeid shrimp larvae; Abundance; Pasar Banggi Village, Rembang