Analisis Faktor Penyebab Terjadinya Eksploitasi terhadap Anak Buah Kapal (ABK) Asing di Sektor Perikanan Internasional oleh PT. Pusaka Benjina Resources (PBR) Tahun 2015

Abstract

In 2015, PT. Pusaka Benjina Resources (PBR) operated in Aru Islands, Maluku, Indonesia
has exploited its 1.242 foreign crew members, mainly from Myanmar, Thailand,
Cambodia, Laos and Indonesia. The crews were exploited in various forms, such as
worked for 12-24 hours in a day, being paid under minimum wage, physically tortured and
even murder that was proved by the existence of foreign crew members’ graveyard. This
research aims to determine factors that causing PBR to commit such exploitation acts. This
research uses the theory of Primitive Accumulation from Marxism and theory of Global
Value Chain by Gary Gereffi. The method uses for this research is qualitative with
explanative type. This research proves that the factors causing PBR to exploit the crews
was because the demand of U.S market which also supported by the loophole on its
national law, PBR aimed to gain much profit, and the lack of control by the states that
involved in PBR’s value chain.