4. SEKURITISASI KABUT ASAP DI SINGAPURA TAHUN 1997-2014

Abstract

Transboundary haze pollution is one of environmental problem in ASEAN countries that
had caused essential impact toward some countries in the region, include Singapore. This
problem was caused by illegal conflagration of deforestation by company and citizen in
Indonesia. Due to failure of Indonesian government in controlling the forest and land
conflagration has encouraged Singapore to do securitization against haze issue. This
research aims to give explanation about haze securitization plot by Singapore government
in 1997-2014. This research is using Barry Buzan theory about securitization. This
research is using a qualitative method with the explanative type by using interviews
research technique and literature reviews. The result of this research is the haze
securitization in Singapore successfully conducted by Singapore goverment with variety of
securitization efforts, such as sending memorandum to Indonesian government, ratification
of ASEAN Agreement on Transboundary Haze Pollution, bilateral cooperation with the
purpose to overcome the haze problem and officially confirmed the Transboundary Haze
Pollution Act.The successful haze securitization was motivated by a big number of citizen
respons toward the problem and the accumulation of total disadvantage suffered by
Singapore government. However, haze securitization by Singapore government doesn’t
influence Indonesia and Singapore bilateral relations. Until now, the relations between the
both countries is maintained well.