Class Conservation Morfologi Karang berdasarkan Kedalaman pada Struktur Terumbu Karang di Pulau Kemujan dan Pulau Sintok, Karimunjawa, Jawa Tengah Coral Morphology Class Conservation Based on Depth of Coral Reef Structure in Kemujan and Sintok Islands, Karimunjawa, Central Java

Abstract

ABSTRAK

Kemujan dan Sintok merupakan pulau yang termasuk ke dalam zona pemanfaatan sebagai wisata bahari dan memiliki keanekaragaman bentuk pertumbuhan karang yang tinggi. Bentuk pertumbuhan karang dibedakan menjadi karang acropora dan non-acopora dengan perbedaan morfologi seperti tipe branching, massive, encruisting, foliose, dan digitae. Analisis morfologi karang sebagai pendukung status penutupan karang dapat mengetahui kondisi terumbu karang sesuai class conservation. Tujuan penelitian ini mengetahui kualitas perairan, struktur terumbu karang, morfologi karang berdasarkan class conservation dan pengaruh kedalaman terhadap struktur serta morfologi karang di Pulau Kemujan dan Sintok. Pengambilan data dilaksanakan pada bulan November 2019.  Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah metode Underwater Photo Transect (UPT) dengan menggunakan transek sepanjang 30 meter. Data yang diambil adalah parameter kualitas perairan dan foto underwater karang. Data hasil penelitian diolah menggunakan aplikasi CPCe (Coral Point Count with Excel extensions) dan uji non parametrik dengan SPSS serta dianalisis menggunakan diagram r-K-S. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kualitas perairan pada lokasi penelitian masih dalam keadaan normal. Persentase kelimpahan karang hidup termasuk dalam kategori sedang sampai dengan sangat baik yaitu  berkisar 25,56 -76,22%. Persentase morfologi karang berdasarkan Class conservation secara umum memiliki dominasi kelompok kompetitors (K) atau CC=2 yang berkisar 48,72 – 76,5%,  hal ini menunjukkan bahwa pada lokasi penelitian didominasi karang bentuk branching maupun foliose serta tidak ada pengaruh signifikan kedalaman air terhadap morfologi karang.

ABSTRACT

Kemujan and Sintok are islands in the utilization zone as marine tourism and have high diversity of coral growth forms. The coral’s life form can be grouped into acropora and non-acopora corals with morphological differences such as branching, massive, encruisting, foliose, and digitae types. Morphological analysis of corals as supporting the status of coral cover can determine the condition of coral reefs according to class conservation. The purpose of this study are to determine the quality of the waters, the structure of coral reefs, coral morphology based on class conservation and the influence of depth on the structure and morphology of corals in Kemujan and Sintok Islands. Data collection was carried out in November 2019. The research method used was the Underwater Photo Transect (UPT) method using a 30 meter transect. The data collected the parameters of water quality and underwater coral photos. The research data were processed using the CPCe (Coral Point Count with Excel extensions) application and non-parametric tests with SPSS and analyzed using the r-K-S diagram. The results showed that the water quality at the study area was still in a normal condition. However, there was no significant effect of water depth on coral morphology. The percentage of live coral abundance was included in the moderate to very good category, ranging from 25.56 to 76.22%. Percentage of coral morphology based on Class conservation generally has a predominance of competitor groups (K) or CC = 2 ranging from 48.72 - 76.5%. Moreover, the results show that based on the coral growth forms at the study sites were dominated by branching and foliose corals and there was no significant effect of water depth on coral morphology.