STRATEGI PENGEMBANGAN EKOWISATA BERBASIS MASYARAKAT DI PULAU PAHAWANG PROPINSI LAMPUNG

Abstract

ABSTRAK

Pulau Pahawang di Teluk Lampung memiliki potensi sumberdaya alam beragam dan produktif sehingga dapat dikembangkan sebagai objek ekowisata. Penelitian dilaksanakan pada bulan Februari hingga Maret 2016 di Pulau Pahawang Kabupaten Pesawaran Propinsi Lampung. Tujuan penelitian untuk mengetahui potensi sumberdaya alam Pulau Pahawang, mengetahui persepsi, partisipasi dan aspirasi responden serta menyusun strategi pengembangan ekowisata berbasis masyarakat di pulau Pahawang. Metode penelitian adalah metode deskriptif kualitatif yang bersifat studi kasus. Pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan pengamatan kesesuaian lahan pantai dan wawancara menggunakan kuesioner kepada 50 responden yang terdiri dari 25 responden masyarakat dan 25 responden pengujung. Data dianalisa menggunakan metode analisis SWOT. Hasil analisa kesesuaian lahan pantai di Pulau Pahawang sebagai kawasan objek wisata sangat sesuai (95%). Potensi ekosistem mangrove dan terumbu karang juga menjadi daya tarik wisata di pulau Pahawang. Persepsi responden tentang  pengembangan ekowisata pulau Pahawang cukup baik, menurut masyarakat (40%) dan pengunjung (44%). Partisipasi masyarakat terhadap kegiatan wisata di pulau Pahawang cukup baik (45%) sedangkan partisipasi pengunjung dalam menjaga kebersihan pulau Pahawang sudah baik (62%). Aspirasi responden terhadap pengembangan ekowisata pulau Pahawang meliputi akses transportasi, promosi, fasilitas umum, biaya perjalanan dan dukungan pemerintah untuk masyarakat 50% dan pengunjung 59%. Hasil analisis SWOT untuk strategi pengembangan ekowisata berbasis masyarakat di Pulau Pahawang yaitu berada pada posisi strategi Strength-Opportunities (SO). Prioritas strategi SO adalah pengembangan ekowisata berbasis masyarakat dengan pendampingan lembaga dan pemerintah.

Kata Kunci : Pahawang; Ekowisata; Persepsi; Partisipasi; Aspirasi; Masyarakat; SWOT

ABSTRACT

Pahawang Island in the Bay of Lampung has diverse natural resources and productive so that it can be developed as an ecotourism object. This research was carried out from February to March 2016 at Pesawaran Regency Pahawang islans in Lampung Province. The research aims to know the natural resource potential in the Pahawang island, to know perception, participation and aspirations of respondents as well as to set up strategy of community-based ecotourism development in the Pahawang island. The research method used descriptive qualitative methods that be case studies. Data collection is carried out by observing land suitability of the beach and interviewing using questionnaires to 50 respondents consisting of 25 local community and 25 visitors. Data were analyzed using SWOT analysis. The results of land suitability analysis of the beach on the Pahawang island is very appropriate (95%). The mangrove ecosystems and coral reefs are also potential to be a tourist attraction on the Pahawang island. Perception of respondents on development of ecotourism at Pahawang island is good enough, for the community 40% and visitors 44%. Public participation toward tourism activities on the Pahawang island is good enough for the community 45% whereas the participation of visitors in maintaining the cleanliness of the Pahawang island is good (62%). The respondent's aspirations towards development of ecotourism at Pahawang Island include transportation, promotion, access to public facilities, travel costs and Government support, for the community is 50% and visitors is 59%. The results of SWOT  analysis on the strategy of community-based ecotourism development in the Pahawang Island that is in the position of Stregth-Opportunities (SO). The priorities strategy SO are development of community-based ecotourism with accompaniment of institution and the Government.

Keywords: Pahawang; Ecotourism; Perception; Aspiration; Participation; Community; SWOT