KARAKTERISASI BONE GRAFT CAMPURAN HIDROKSIAPATIT DAN GELATIN MENGGUNAKAN METODE SOLVENT CASTING

*Eko Bagas Saputra  -  Department of Mechanical Engineering, Universitas Diponegoro, Jl. Prof. Sudarto, SH, Tembalang, Semarang, Indonesia 50275, Indonesia
Rifky Ismail  -  Department of Mechanical Engineering, Universitas Diponegoro, Jl. Prof. Sudarto, SH, Tembalang, Semarang, Indonesia 50275, Indonesia
Sri Nugroho  -  Department of Mechanical Engineering, Universitas Diponegoro, Jl. Prof. Sudarto, SH, Tembalang, Semarang, Indonesia 50275, Indonesia

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Abstract

Kerusakan tulang yang diakibatkan fraktu memerlukan tindakan medis tambahan dikarenakan kemampuan alami tubuh untuk memulihkan jaringan tulang tidak memadai. Bone graft menjadi salah satu arternatif, bone graft  dapat meningkatkan stabilitas tulang dan dan mempercepat proses regenerasi sehingga penyembuhan fraktur dapat berlangsung lebih optimal. Hidroksiapatit (HA) mempunyai sifat bioaktif dan osteokonduktifitas, serta dapat mendukung pembentukan tulang baru, sifat tersebut menjadikan HA sebagai kandidat kuat untuk bone graft. HA yang digunakan berasal dari cangkang kerang hijau yang melalui proses kalsinasi dan microwave yang memiliki kesamaan struktur dan komposisi dengan mineral utama penyusun tulang manusia. Gelatin mempunyai Biokompatibilitas, biodegradabilitas, dan fleksibilitas menjadikannya sebagai salah satu biomaterial penting untuk berbagai aplikasi biologis. Penambahan gelatin pada HA terbukti mendukung regenerasi tulang. Dikarenakan scaffold campuran HA dan gelatin ini bersifat fleksibel, memiliki permeabilitas tinggi, dan mampu mempercepat proses regenerasi jaringan tulang. Dalam penelitian ini menggunakan komposisi 5% gelatin dan 95% HA metode solvent casting. Hasil Karakterisasi menunjukkan gugus fungsi hidroksiapatit PO43, CO32-, OH-, dan gelatin amide I (C=O), amide A (N-H). Densitas sebesar 1,44 g/cm³, kekerasan 0,78 kg, swelling 5,23%, dan porositas aktual 51,52%.

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Keywords: cangkang kerang; gelatin; hidroksiapatit (ha); solvent casting
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