SIMULASI NUMERIK CFD-DEM PADA AGITATED PACKED BED DRYER PADA MATERIAL BERDENSITAS TINGGI

*Reka Adiyasa Cahyapala  -  Department of Mechanical Engineering, Universitas Diponegoro, Jl. Prof. Sudarto, SH, Tembalang, Semarang, Indonesia 50275, Indonesia
Eflita Yohana  -  Department of Mechanical Engineering, Universitas Diponegoro, Jl. Prof. Sudarto, SH, Tembalang, Semarang, Indonesia 50275, Indonesia
Mohammad Tauviqirrahman  -  Department of Mechanical Engineering, Universitas Diponegoro, Jl. Prof. Sudarto, SH, Tembalang, Semarang, Indonesia 50275, Indonesia

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Abstract

Pengeringan merupakan tahapan penting dalam pemanfaatan biomassa kayu karena kadar air yang tinggi dapat menurunkan efisiensi konversi energi. Studi ini bertujuan untuk mengevaluasi pengaruh variasi temperatur inlet terhadap proses pengeringan biomassa kayu dalam sistem agitated packed bed dryer menggunakan pendekatan Computational Fluid Dynamics–Discrete Element Method (CFD–DEM). Simulasi dilakukan dengan variasi temperatur inlet udara panas sebesar 333 K, 343 K, dan 353 K untuk menganalisis dinamika perpindahan panas dan massa pada skala partikel. Hasil simulasi menunjukkan bahwa peningkatan temperatur inlet mempercepat penurunan moisture content partikel biomassa akibat meningkatnya driving force termal antara fase fluida dan fase padatan. Laju evaporasi tertinggi terjadi pada tahap awal pengeringan dan menurun seiring berkurangnya kandungan air partikel. Agitasi terbukti meningkatkan homogenitas distribusi temperatur dan kelembapan di dalam unggun, meskipun fluktuasi lokal tetap teramati akibat perubahan porositas dan dinamika kontak antar-partikel. Selain itu, koefisien perpindahan panas, bilangan Nusselt, dan bilangan Sherwood menunjukkan peningkatan seiring kenaikan temperatur inlet, namun cenderung mengalami keterbatasan pada kondisi temperatur tertinggi. Studi ini menunjukkan bahwa pendekatan CFD–DEM efektif untuk memahami mekanisme pengeringan biomassa kayu dan dapat digunakan sebagai dasar optimasi kondisi operasi pengeringan.

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Keywords: agitated pecked bed dryer; biomassa kayu; cfd-dem; pengeringan
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