PENGARUH TERMAL TERHADAP AKURASI HASIL NUMERIK: STUDI KASUS PADA TANGKI HIDROGEN BERTEKANAN TINGGI

*Jonathan Pulung Kudadiri  -  Department of Mechanical Engineering, Universitas Diponegoro, Jl. Prof. Sudarto, SH, Tembalang, Semarang, Indonesia 50275, Indonesia
Mohammad Tauviqirrahman  -  Department of Mechanical Engineering, Universitas Diponegoro, Jl. Prof. Sudarto, SH, Tembalang, Semarang, Indonesia 50275, Indonesia
Sulistyo Sulistyo  -  Department of Mechanical Engineering, Universitas Diponegoro, Jl. Prof. Sudarto, SH, Tembalang, Semarang, Indonesia 50275, Indonesia

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Abstract

Manajemen termal pada tangki hidrogen tekanan tinggi tipe 1 sangat vital untuk memastikan keamanan dan efisiensi dalam operasi, terutama dalam kendaraan sel bahan bakar hidrogen dan sistem penyimpanan energi. Seiring dengan kemajuan teknologi penyimpanan hidrogen, pemahaman terhadap dinamika termal selama proses pengisian dan penyimpanan menjadi semakin penting. Tangki hidrogen bertekanan tinggi yang biasanya terbuat dari baja, dirancang untuk menahan tekanan hingga 700 bar. Namun, proses pengisian dapat menyebabkan peningkatan suhu yang signifikan akibat kompresi adiabatik yang berpotensi mengurangi integritas struktural tangki. Stres termal akibat variasi suhu dapat memengaruhi umur pakai dan keamanan tangki ini. Ekspansi termal di bawah kondisi tekanan tinggi dapat menyebabkan konsentrasi tegangan. Teknik pemodelan canggih seperti analisis elemen hingga (Finite Element Analysis/FEA) digunakan untuk mensimulasikan perilaku termal, memprediksi distribusi suhu, dan mengidentifikasi titik-titik kegagalan potensial. Penerapan bahan dan strategi isolasi termal dapat mengurangi dampak negatif, sehingga meningkatkan keamanan dan efisiensi. Studi ini menyajikan pendekatan baru dengan mengintegrasikan pemodelan termal lanjutan dan modul kontrol ke dalam desain tangki, serta mengembangkan modul kontrol termal waktu nyata untuk memprediksi, memantau, dan mengatur respons termal selama operasi kritis. Analisis komparatif dari hasil simulasi menunjukkan bahwa suhu internal yang rendah secara signifikan meningkatkan regangan dan tegangan equivalent Von Misses, menekankan pentingnya penggunaan material yang kuat dan tahan terhadap stres termal dan tekanan ekstrem.

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Keywords: finite element analysis; tangki tekanan tinggi; tegangan thermal
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