Kandungan Logam (Pb) pada Air, Sedimen, dan Jaringan Lunak Kerang Darah (Anadara granosa) di Perairan Bandengan, Kabupaten Kendal Serta Batas Aman Konsumsi untuk Manusia

Abstract

Kegiatan pembangunan industri yang berkembang cukup pesat di kawasan industri Kabupaten Kendal diduga menjadi penyebab meningkatnya limbah buangan industri yang didalamnya terkandung logam berat timbal (Pb), sehingga limbah tersebut berkontribusi menurunkan kualitas perairan Bandengan, Kabupaten Kendal. Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan tujuan untuk mengetahui kadar logam (Pb) pada air, sedimen, dan kerang darah (A. granosa) serta batas maksimal konsumsi mingguan kerang darah (A. granosa) yang mengandung logam timbal (Pb) di Perairan Bandengan, Kabupaten Kendal. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan pada bulan Maret dan April 2022. Metode penelitian yang digunakan yaitu metode deksriptif sedangkan penentuan lokasi penelitian dengan metode purposive sampling. Analisis konsentrasi logam berat Pb dilakukan di Laboratorium Balai Besar Teknologi Pencegahan Pencemaran Industri (BBTPPI) dengan metode AAS (Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometry), sedangkan untuk analisis batas aman konsumsi mingguan dihitung dengan MTI (Maximum Tolerable Intake). Hasil penelitian ditemukan konsentrasi logam Pb di perairan Bandengan sebesar <0,003 mg/l, sedimen berkisar 15,32-24,21 mg/kg, dan kerang darah berkisar 0,209-0,731 mg/kg. Berat maksimal mengkonsumsi kerang darah (A. granosa) perminggu dari perairan Bandengan, Kabupaten Kendal individu dengan berat badan 60 kg sebesar 2,051-7,177 kg/minggu. Sedangkan, individu dengan berat 45 kg yaitu 1,538-5,382 kg/minggu.

Industrial development activities have been developing quite rapidly in the Kendal Regency industrial area and are suspected to be the cause of the increase in the waste containing lead (Pb) heavy metal. It might contribute to reducing the quality of Bandengan waters. This study was to know the levels of metal (Pb) in water, sediment, and blood cockles (A. granosa) and the maximum weekly consumption of the cockles containing lead (Pb) in the waters. The study conducted in March and April 2022 used the descriptive method and purposive sampling to determine the locations. Analysis of Pb concentration was at the Laboratory of the Center for Industrial Pollution Prevention Technology (BBTPPI) using the AAS (Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometry) method. The analysis of the safe limit for weekly consumption was using the formula of MTI (Maximum Tolerable Intake). The results showed that Pb concentrations in water, sediment, and tissue in Bandengan waters were <0.003 mg/l, 15.32 - 24.21 mg/kg, and 0.209 - 0.731 mg/kg, respectively. The maximum weight of consuming blood cockles (A. granosa) per week from Bandengan waters, Kendal Regency of 60 kg individuals weighing was 2,051 - 7,177 kg/week. Meanwhile, individuals weighing 45 kg were 1,538 - 5.382 kg/week.