Kebijakan Luar Negeri Indonesia Menyangkut Ketidakikutsertaan Dalam Ratifikasi Konvensi UNESCO 1970 Untuk Memberantas Pencurian Dan Perdagangan Gelap Benda Cagar Budaya

Abstract

As a nation that rich in cultural heritage, thievery as well as illicit cultural property
object are still take place in Indonesia. Also called 'trafficking of cultural property', this
criminal act categorized as a transnational crime. Later on UNESCO initiate an
international regulation to oversee the cultural property movement amongst nations called
1970 UNESCO Convention on the Means of Prohibiting and Preventing the Illicit Import,
Export, and Transfer of Ownership of Cultural Property as a response towards numerous
cases in this field that keeps occuring. Nevertheless, Indonesia has not willing to ratify the
convention as on of their foreign policy up to this moment. In order to study why Indonesia
did not ratify that international convention with annalyzing the data qualitatively then
examine it using Rational Choice Theory by Hadiwinata and Glaser. Then based on
research, it can be said that there are contrasts between UNESCO 1970 convention and
Indonesia's law mechanism (2010 Law No. 11 about Cultural Object), the limited number of
human resources, and the slight interests of Indonesia with convention partying countries.