20. THE DECLINE OF TERRORIST GROUP: PENYEBAB MENURUNNYA AKSI TEROR KELOMPOK AL QAEDA TAHUN 2009 – 2013

Abstract

The number of incidents of terrorism continues to increase from year to year. When
terrorism incidents in the world have been increased significantly, Al Qaeda has decreased
their acts of terror, especially in the year 2009 -2013. This study aims to determine the
cause of the decline of terrorist attacks committed by Al Qaeda. This study use the theory
of the factors that are causing the decline of terrorism from Martha Crenshaw in the
concept of how terrorism decline. There are three factors that can cause the decline of
terrorism acts; first, the weakening of the result of the constant pressure from the
government, second, the decision of the members left the group then resulting in the
deployment of members, and the third is organizational destruction. This study use field
observations and interviews with former terrorists to obtain primary data. Then, the
literature study method was also performed to obtain supporting data secondary. The result
from this study is the factors that caused the decline of terrorist attacks by Al Qaeda in
2009 - 2013 in accordance with the theory of Martha Crenshaw.