15. POSISI AMERIKA SERIKAT TERHADAP REZIM DASAR LAUT INTERNASIONAL OTORITA DASAR LAUT INTERNASIONAL

Abstract

International Seabed Authority came as an international organization that provided a
regime to minimize the territory conflict that feared would be happened among states and
minimizing environmental crime that would be occurred in international seabed area which
are beyond any national jurisdiction. As a part of UNCLOS and 1994 Agreement Part XI,
the Authority was an international organization which duty is to manage seabed area that
located in international territory. But, in its development, United States as an active
participant of law of sea treaty development decided to decline the concept of International
Seabed Authority and reject the Authority as an international seabed regime until date.
United States decided to not join International Seabed Authority and decline mining code
of the Authority as international seabed regime because of politic, economic, social and
environmental factors which is less profitable if US joined the Authority. Meanwhile,
international seabed regime that was built by the Authority is also not in line with US
national interest in international seabed management. Therefore, US established DSHMRA
(Deep Seabed Hard Mineral Resource Act) as an alternative legal act to carry out the
activities in the Area. By DSHMRA, US interest in building the hegemony of seabed
management could be more facilitated.