17. KEJAHATAN TRANSNASIONAL DALAM PERSPEKTIF MARXISME : PENGARUH KULTUR EKSPLOITASI TERHADAP PENINGKATAN KASUS PERDAGANGAN MANUSIA DI MALAYSIA

Abstract

Human trafficking and forced labor has become most vital problem in the industrial world,
especially in agriculture, such as agriculture, manufacture, construction and domestic work.
Malaysia is well known as one of countries that has not succeed yet in controlling human
trafficking. In 2009 Malaysia has been classified on Tier3. Before 2007, Malaysia did not
have any law that specifically control human trafficking or people smuggling. However,
Malaysia has made efforts to combat human trafficking cases in the previous year. Using
Marxism approach, this research tried to explain the reason behind increasing number of
human trafficking in Malaysia, in spite of existed regulations. The type of this research is
explanatory, using qualitative method. This research finds that there is exploitation culture
embedded in Malaysia’s social structure which causes high rate number of human
trafficking cases. Exploitation culture itself, as defined by Marxism, is attitute from master
to treat worker as an object, instead of human being.