INFESTASI MONOGENEA PADA IKAN KONSUMSI AIR TAWAR DI KOLAM BUDIDAYA DESA NGRAJEK MAGELANG

Abstract

Kerugian akibat infestasi ektoparasit termasuk monogenea tidak sebesar kerugian akibat infeksi organisme patogen lain seperti virus dan bakteri, namun infestasi tersebut dapat menjadi salah satu faktor predisposisi bagi infeksi organisme patogen yang lebih berbahaya, menimbulkan kerusakan organ luar berupa insang dan kulit, pertumbuhan lambat dan penurunan nilai jual ikan. Penelitian yang dilakukan bertujuan untuk mengetahui gejala klinis ikan yang terserang monogenea, jenis-jenis monogenea dan nilai intensitas dan prevalensi pada budidaya ikan konsumsi air tawar di desa Ngrajek. Penelitian ini dilakukan pada bulan Mei-Agustus 2015. Sampel ikan yang diperiksa sebanyak 90 ekor dengan ukuran panjang total panjang ikan nila 8,37±1,10 cm dan total berat 7,37±2,22 gr, total panjang ikan mas 9,54±1,48 cm dan total berat 9,78±2,27 gr dan total panjang ikan lele 9,73±1,21 cm dan total berat 4,57±1,35 gr. Pengambilan sampel dilakukan di 5 kolam budidaya. Pengamatan eksternal ikan dilakukan di laboratorium dan analisis data secara deskriptif dan kuantitatif. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa jenis parasit yang menginfestasi ikan air tawar adalah Dactylogyrus spp. dan Gyrodactylus spp. Total jumlah Dactylogyrus spp. yang ditemukan pada semua ikan adalah (247 individu) dan Gyrodactylus spp. (23 individu). Nilai intensitas Dactylogyrus spp. pada masing-masing ikan yaitu 7 ind/ekor pada ikan lele, 4 ind/ekor pada ikan mas dan 3 ind/ekor pada ikan nila, sedangkan nilai intensitas Gyrodactylus spp. di ikan lele 2 ind, di ikan mas 1 ind dan di ikan nila 1 ind. Nilai prevalensi Dactylogyrus spp. di ikan mas 70%, di ikan nila 56,7% dan di ikan lele 50%, sedangkan nilai prevalensi Gyrodactylus spp. di ikan lele 26,7%, di ikan mas 13,3% dan di ikan nila 10%. Gejala klinis yang tampak adalah memerah pada sirip dan pada beberapa ikan memiliki infeksi jamur. Ikan lele memiliki intensitas dan prevalensi tertinggi pada infestasi monogenea.

Losses due to infestation of ectoparasites, including monogenea not as severe as a result of infection of pviruses and bacteria, but infestations can be a predisposing factor for microbial infection of pathogenic organisms which more dangerous, causing damage to organs beyond the form of gills and skin, slow growth and decline in value of selling fish. Research was aimed to determine the clinical symptoms of the fish infected by monogenea, types of monogenea and intensity values, the prevalence and dominance on the freshwater/fish farming in Ngrajek. This study was conducted in May-August 2015. The samples total 90 fishes consist of tilapia total length 8.37±1.10 cm and total weight 7,37±2,22 gr, carp total length 9.54±1.48 cm and total weight 9,78±2,27 gr, catfish total length 9.73±1.21 cm and total weight 4,57±1,35 gr. Sampling was conducted at 5 aquaculture ponds the external observation of fish was in laboratory. The results showed that monogenea parasites that infest freshwater fish are Dactylogyrus spp. and Gyrodactylus spp. The total number of Dactylogyrus spp. (247 individu) and Gyrodactylus spp. (23 individu). Dactylogyrus spp. intensity values in catfish was 7 ind, in carp was 4 ind and in tilapia was 3 ind, while Gyrodactylus spp. intensity values in catfish was 2 ind, in carp was 1 ind and in tilapia was 1 ind. Dactylogyrus spp. prevalence values in carp was 70%, in tilapia was 56.7% and in catfish was 50%, while Gyrodactylus spp. prevalence values in catfish was 26.7%, in carp was 13.3% and in tilapia was 10%. Clinical signs observed were reddish of fins. Same fish were also had fungi infection. Catfish had higher the intensity and prevalence of monogenea infestation.