RANCANGAN MATERIAL HANDLING EQUIPMENT (MHE) UNTUK MENCEGAH GANGGUAN OTOT DAN RANGKA PADA KEGIATAN PALLETIZING KARDUS BOTOL AIR MINUM MENGGUNAKAN METODE QUALITY FUNCTION DEPLOYMENT (QFD) DENGAN PENDEKATAN ERGONOMI

Abstract

Abstrak

Air minum berkualitas sangat penting bagi kesehatan, terutama dengan pertumbuhan penduduk Indonesia
yang diperkirakan mencapai 281 juta jiwa pada 2024, sehingga diperlukan 562 juta liter air minum per
hari. Konsumsi air minum dalam kemasan meningkat dari 13% pada 2009 menjadi 36% pada 2018. Salah
satu produsen air minum, AMDK PDAM Kota Semarang, menghadapi tantangan musculoskeletal disorders
(MSDs) pada pekerja akibat material handling manual (MMH) saat pengemasan. Penelitian ini
mengidentifikasi keluhan MSDs dan menganalisis postur pekerja menggunakan metode REBA, dengan skor
10 yang menunjukkan risiko tinggi. Untuk mengatasi masalah ini, dirancang alat bantu ergonomis
menggunakan metode QFD dan data antropometri. Simulasi penggunaan alat bantu melalui software
CATIA menunjukkan penurunan skor REBA dari 10 menjadi 6, yang menunjukkan perbaikan postur pekerja
dan pengurangan risiko MSDs.

Kata kunci: Material Handling; Postur Bekerja; Muculoskeletal Disorders; Quality Function Deployment;
House of Quality
Abstract

[Title: Design of Material Handling Equipment (MHE) to Prevent Musculoskeletal Disorders in
Palletizing Activities of Bottled Water Boxes Using the Quality Function Deployment (QFD) Method
With an Ergonomic Approach] High-quality drinking water is essential for health, especially with
Indonesia's population expected to reach 281 million by 2024, necessitating 562 million liters of drinking
water per day. The consumption of bottled water increased from 13% in 2009 to 36% in 2018. One of the
bottled water producers, AMDK PDAM Kota Semarang, faces challenges related to musculoskeletal
disorders (MSDs) among workers due to manual material handling (MMH) during packaging. This study
identifies MSD complaints and analyzes workers' postures using the REBA method, with a score of 10
indicating high risk. To address this issue, ergonomic assistive tools were designed using the QFD method
and anthropometric data. Simulation of the assistive tool usage through CATIA software showed a reduction
in the REBA score from 10 to 6, indicating improved worker posture and reduced MSD risk.

Keywords: Material Handling; Working Posture; Muculoskeletal Disorders; Quality Function
Deployment; House of Quality