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ANALISIS DISTRIBUSI SPASIAL KAWASAN INDUSTRI TERHADAP PERTUMBUHAN UMKM

Departemen Teknik Geodesi FT Undip, Indonesia

Received: 25 Jan 2018; Published: 29 Jan 2018.

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Abstract

ABSTRAK

 

Berkembangnya industri di sekitar pemukiman membuat kondisi sosial ekonomi masyarakat mengalami peningkatan, masyarakat di sekitar industri akan menangkap adanya peluang dengan memanfaatkan sebagian rumahnya sebagai tempat usaha mulai dari tempat tinggal atau kos-kosan, usaha warung makan, toko hingga jasa-jasa penunjang kebutuhan pekerja, sehingga dengan adanya hal tersebut peneliti ingin  mengetahui persebaran tempat usaha-usaha (UMKM) di tiga kawasan industri yaitu PT. Tyfontex Indonesia, PT. Sri Rejeki Isman Tbk, dan PT. Delta Merlin Dunia Tekstil dengan menggunakan Sistem Informasi Geografis. Industri tersebut merupakan industri besar yang ada di Kabupaten Sukoharjo dan merupakan industri yang keberadaanya berpengaruh terhadap lingkungan masyarakat disekitarnya. Pola persebaran UMKM di sekitar kawasan industri dianalisis dengan menggunakkan metode nearest neighbourhood dan metode Spatial Autocorrelation (Global Moran’s I). Analisis yang dilakukan dalam penelitian ini didasarkan dari centroid di setiap kawasan industri terhadap sebaran UMKM di tiap kawasan dalam radius 2 km. Klasifikasi UMKM dalam penelitian ini berdasarkan referensi dari Dinas Perdagangan, Koperasi dan UKM dengan jumlah UMKM keseluruhan 1488 di ketiga kawasan industri. Jumlah UMKM terbanyak terdapat di industri PT. Tyfontex Indonesia dengan jumlah 1.043. Pola persebaran UMKM di tiga kawasan industri menunjukkan pola yang sama yaitu pola mengelompok dengan arah persebaran yang berbeda Berdasarkan RDTRK Kabupaten Sukoharjo, sebaran UMKM di tiga kawasan industri tidak seluruhnya terletak di dalam Zona Perdagangan dan Jasa. Keberadaan industri dapat mempengaruhi pertumbuhan UMKM di sekitarnya. Hal ini dapat dilihat dari hasil kuisioner yang menunjukkan 86,2% UMKM yang tersebar di PT. Tyfontex Indonesia dipengaruhi oleh keberadaan indutri tersebut. Sedangkan prosentase keberadaan UMKM yang dipengaruhi oleh PT. Delta Merlin Dunia Tekstil sebesar 91,4 %  dan 79,7% di PT. Sri Rejeki Isman Tbk.

 

Kata kunci: Industri, Nearest neighbourhood, Spatial Autocorrelation (Global Moran’s I), UMKM.

 

 

ABSTRACT

 

The development of industry around the settlement to make socio-economic conditions of communities has increased, the community around the industry will catch the existence of opportunities by utilizing a portion of her home as a place of business ranging from places to stay, food stalls, shops until the merits of supporting the needs of workers, so that the existence of the things researchers want to know the place of distribution businesses (UMKM) in three industrial zones namely PT. Tyfontex Indonesia, PT Sri Rejeki ISman Tbk, and PT Delta Merlin Dunia Textiles by using geographic information systems. The industry is a big industry that exists in Sukoharjo Regency and is the industry's influence on occurrence environment surrounding society. Distribution pattern of UMKM around the industrial area analyzed by the method of use their nearest neighbourhood and methods of Spatial Autocorrelation (Global Moran's I). The analysis undertaken in this study is based on the centroid of each industrial area against the spread of UMKM in each region within a radius of 2 km. The classification of UMKM in this research based on a reference from the Department of Commerce, cooperatives and SMEs with a number of UMKM in 1488 third overall industrial area. The largest number of UMKM there is in the industry PT. Tyfontex Indonesia with a population of 1,043. Distribution pattern of UMKM in three industrial zones showed the same pattern that is clumped distribution patterns of different directions. RDTRK implementation of the Sukoharjo Regency with the condition of the spread of UMKM of the year 2017 yet goes according to existing design, there is still the UMKM not located in a zone of trade and services. The existence of industry can affect the growth of UMKM in the surroundings. It can be seen from the results of a detailed questionnaire which showed 86.2% of UMKM in pt. Tyfontex Indonesia is affected by the existence of these are. While the percentage of UMKM affected by the existence of PT Delta Merlin Dunia Textiles amounted to 91.4% and 79.7% in PT Sri Rejeki Isman Tbk.

 

Keyword: Industry, Nearest neighbourhood, Spatial Autocorrelation (Global Moran’s I), UMKM.
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Keywords: Industri, Nearest neighbourhood, Spatial Autocorrelation (Global Moran’s I), UMKM

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