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ANALISIS KAPASITAS DAN BIAYA PEMBANGKIT LISTRIK TENAGA SURYA (PLTS) KOMUNAL DESA KALIWUNGU KABUPATEN BANJARNEGARA

1Jurusan Teknik Elektro, Universitas Diponegoro Semarang, Indonesia

2Jl. Prof. Sudharto, SH, Kampus UNDIP Tembalang, Semarang 50275, Indonesia, Indonesia

Editor(s): Aris Triwiyatno

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Abstract

Abstrak

 

Energi listrik mengambil peran yang sangat penting bagi penunjang kehidupan manusia. Namun, keberadaan bahan bakar fosil yang digunakan pada kebanyakan pembangkit listrik semakin lama semakin menipis dan menghasilkan emisi karbondioksida. Hal itu menjadi faktor utama perkembangan energi baru terbarukan. Sel surya merupakan salah satu energi baru terbarukan yang memiliki potensial besar untuk digunakan di Indonesia.Desa Kaliwungu menggunakan Pembangkit Listrik Tenaga Surya (PLTS) komunal sebagai sumber energi listrik. Pada tugas akhir ini menggunakan data beban di Desa Kaliwungu untuk menentukan kapasitas sistem PLTS (photovoltaic array, baterai, charge controller, dan inverter), potensi pengurangan emisi  karbondioksida, perhitungan biaya dan analisis ekonomi. Analisis ekonomi digunakan untuk  mengevaluasi keberlangsungan pengoperasian PLTS. Analisis  menggunakan beberapa metode, yaitu NPW (Net Present Worth), ACF (Annual Cash Flow analysis), B-CR (Benefit–Cost Ratio analysis), FW (Future Worth analysis), dan PP (Payback Period). Perhitungan menggunakan software MATLAB 2008a. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan untuk memenuhi beban harian sebesar 8,922 kWh dapat disuplai dari sistem PLTS dengan kapasitas photovoltaic array sebesar 2,85 kWp, baterai sebesar 464,678 Ah, charge controller sebesar 60 A, dan inverter sebesar 3500 W. Untuk potensi pengurangan emisi karbondioksida sebesar 3,640 ton CO2. Nilai NPW sebesar Rp -266.351.000,00, ACF sebesar Rp -23.894.600,00, FW sebesar Rp 714.063.000,00, B-CR sebesar 0,38505, dan PP selama 29 tahun.

 

Kata kunci :  PLTS, emisi karbondioksida, net present worth, annual cash flow analysis, benefit-cost ratio analysis, future worth, payback period.

 

Abstract

 

Electricity takes an important role for supporting human activities. However, the existence of fossil fuel used on most power plants is increasing out andproducedcarbon dioxideemissions . That issue became a factor the development of renewable energy. Solar cell or photovoltaic became one of the renewable energy which has great potential to be applied in Indonesia.Kaliwungu used communal photovoltaic system source of electrical energy. The final assignment used load data in Kaliwungu to determined the capacity solar systems (photovoltaic array, battery, charge controller, and inverter), the potential reduction of carbon dioxide emissions, cost, and economic analysis. Economic analysis is used to evaluated the continuity of the photovoltaic system. Analysis used several methods NPW (Net Present Worth), ACF (Annual Cash Flow analysis), B-CR (Benefit-Cost Ratio analysis), FW (Future Worth analysis), and PP (Payback Period). Calculated used software MATLAB 2008a.The result shows to supply the daily load at 8,922 kWh can be supplied from the photovoltaic system with a capacity up to 2,85 kWp, battery at 464,678 Ah, charge controller up to 60 A, and the inverters at 3500 W. For the potential carbon dioxide emissions reduction up to 3,640 ton CO2. The value Rp -266.351.000,00 for NPW, Rp -23.894.600,00 for ACF, Rp 714.063.000,00 for FW, B-CR was 0.3850, and 29 years for PP.

 

Keywords :          photovoltaic system, carbondioxide emission, net present worth, annual cash flow analysis, benefit-cost ratio analysis, future worth, payback period.
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