Effect of Post-Weld Heat Treatment and Seawater Cooling on Mechanical Properties and Microstructure of Dissimilar ASTM A36–SS 304 TIG Welded Joints

*Raehaqie De Warent  -  Department of Naval Architecture, Faculty of Engineering, Diponegoro University, Jl. Prof. Soedarto, SH, Tembalang, Semarang, Central Java, Indonesia, Indonesia
Parlindungan Manik  -  , Indonesia
Wilma Amiruddin  -  , Indonesia

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Abstract

Pengelasan dissimilar antara baja karbon ASTM A36 dan stainless steel SS 304 banyak digunakan dalam industri karena memungkinkan penggabungan sifat mekanik dan ketahanan korosi dari kedua material. Namun, perbedaan karakteristik metalurgi antara kedua material dapat memengaruhi sifat mekanik dan struktur mikro sambungan las. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis pengaruh post-weld heat treatment (PWHT) dan pendinginan menggunakan air laut terhadap sifat mekanik dan struktur mikro sambungan las dissimilar ASTM A36–SS 304 yang dilas menggunakan proses tungsten inert gas (TIG) dengan filler metal ER309L. Penelitian dilakukan menggunakan tiga variasi perlakuan, yaitu kondisi as-welded, PWHT pada temperatur 600 °C selama 30 menit, serta pendinginan menggunakan air laut selama 30 detik yang dilanjutkan dengan PWHT pada temperatur 600 °C selama 30 menit. Pengujian meliputi uji tarik, uji tekuk, dan pengamatan struktur mikro pada daerah base metal, heat affected zone (HAZ), dan weld metal. Hasil pengujian tarik menunjukkan bahwa kondisi as-welded menghasilkan nilai rata-rata ultimate tensile strength (UTS) tertinggi sebesar 436,41 MPa, sedangkan perlakuan PWHT dan pendinginan air laut yang dilanjutkan PWHT menghasilkan nilai UTS masing-masing sebesar 412,44 MPa dan 367,75 MPa. Pada pengujian tekuk, perlakuan PWHT menghasilkan nilai rata-rata ultimate flexural strength tertinggi sebesar 822,47 MPa, diikuti kondisi as-welded sebesar 808,90 MPa dan perlakuan pendinginan air laut yang dilanjutkan PWHT sebesar 714,54 MPa. Hasil pengamatan menunjukkan bahwa patahan pada pengujian tarik dan deformasi pada pengujian tekuk terjadi pada logam dasar ASTM A36, sedangkan daerah sambungan las tidak mengalami kegagalan. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian, perlakuan PWHT tidak meningkatkan kekuatan tarik sambungan, tetapi menghasilkan nilai kekuatan lentur tertinggi. Sementara itu, kombinasi pendinginan air laut dan PWHT menghasilkan penurunan nilai kekuatan tarik dan lentur dibandingkan kondisi as-welded.

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Keywords: Tungsten Inert Gas (TIG); SS 304; ASTM A36; Dissimilar Welding; Post-Weld Heat Treatment (PWHT); Seawater Cooling; Mechanical Properties; Microstructure
Funding: Diponegoro University
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Section: Articles
Language : ID
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