ANALISIS PENGARUH DIMENSI COMPOUND VORTEX FINDER TERHADAP KECEPATAN DAN KINERJA PEMISAHAN PADA STAIRMAND CYCLONE SEPARATOR BERBASIS METODE CFD-DEM

*Fahmi Syahputra  -  Department of Mechanical Engineering, Universitas Diponegoro, Jl. Prof. Sudarto, SH, Tembalang, Semarang, Indonesia 50275, Indonesia
Eflita Yohana  -  Department of Mechanical Engineering, Universitas Diponegoro, Jl. Prof. Sudarto, SH, Tembalang, Semarang, Indonesia 50275, Indonesia
Mohammad Tauviqirrahman  -  Department of Mechanical Engineering, Universitas Diponegoro, Jl. Prof. Sudarto, SH, Tembalang, Semarang, Indonesia 50275, Indonesia

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Abstract

Vortex finder merupakan elemen geometris yang sangat menentukan pada cyclone separator dan secara dominan mengatur struktur medan aliran serta efektivitas pemisahan partikel. Kajian-kajian sebelumnya pada umumnya meninjau geometri vortex finder konvensional melalui pendekatan Discrete Phase Model (DPM) yang tidak mengakomodasi interaksi antar-partikel secara eksplisit, sehingga fenomena re-entrainment maupun penumpukan partikel di dustbin sulit dimodelkan secara akurat. Penelitian ini menelaah secara numerik dampak variasi panjang compound vortex finder (0,25D; 0,35D; 0,45D; dan 0,55D) terhadap medan aliran serta kinerja pemisahan pada Stairmand cyclone separator. Fase gas direpresentasikan dengan Reynolds Stress Model (RSM) di ANSYS Fluent, sementara dinamika fase partikel dihitung melalui pendekatan one-way coupling Computational Fluid Dynamics–Discrete Element Method (CFD–DEM). Hasil simulasi mengungkapkan bahwa perpanjangan vortex finder secara konsisten mengintensifkan kecepatan tangensial dan aksial pada inti pusaran, sekaligus menaikkan pressure drop akibat meningkatnya gesekan permukaan dan disipasi energi turbulen. Efisiensi pengumpulan total dari keseluruhan variasi terhimpun dalam rentang yang sempit (sekitar 55%), yang mengindikasikan bahwa keragaman kinerja lebih ditentukan oleh mekanisme short-circuiting dan re-entrainment ketimbang semata-mata besarnya gaya sentrifugal. Konfigurasi dengan panjang vortex finder sebesar D memberikan keseimbangan paling baik karena sanggup meniadakan short-circuiting serta menekan re-entrainment pada tingkat konsumsi energi yang masih wajar. Temuan ini diharapkan berkontribusi bagi pengembangan rancangan cyclone separator yang lebih efisien.

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Keywords: cfd–dem; collection efficiency; cyclone separator; pressure drop; vortex finder
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