ANALISIS PENERAPAN PHASE CHANGING MATERIAL (PCM) DALAM PENDINGINAN PANEL SURYA SERTA PENGGUNAANNYA UNTUK MEMANASKAN AIR DENGAN ENERGI SURYA

*Akasia Ellyansyah Dimyati  -  Department of Mechanical Engineering, Universitas Diponegoro, Jl. Prof. Sudarto, SH, Tembalang, Semarang, Indonesia 50275, Indonesia
Nazaruddin Sinaga  -  Department of Mechanical Engineering, Universitas Diponegoro, Jl. Prof. Sudarto, SH, Tembalang, Semarang, Indonesia 50275, Indonesia
Mohammad Tauviqirrahman  -  Department of Mechanical Engineering, Universitas Diponegoro, Jl. Prof. Sudarto, SH, Tembalang, Semarang, Indonesia 50275, Indonesia

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Abstract

Peningkatan suhu operasional pada panel surya fotovoltaik (PV) akibat radiasi matahari menyebabkan penurunan efisiensi listrik secara signifikan. Sistem pendinginan pasif menggunakan Phase Change Material (PCM) menawarkan solusi tanpa memerlukan konsumsi energi tambahan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis kinerja sistem pendinginan pasif berbasis PCM parafin dalam menurunkan temperatur permukaan panel surya. Metode penelitian menggunakan simulasi numerik Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) dengan perangkat lunak Ansys Fluent 2023 R1, yang divalidasi terhadap data eksperimen. Parameter yang dianalisis meliputi temperatur permukaan panel pada dua kondisi utama, yaitu panel PV tanpa pendingin dan panel PV yang dilengkapi dengan lapisan PCM parafin dengan variasi ketebalan 12 mm hingga 33 mm. Melalui simulasi ini, diharapkan diperoleh pemahaman tentang efektivitas PCM dalam menyerap panas berlebih melalui mekanisme perubahan fasa serta pengaruh ketebalan lapisan terhadap kemampuan pendinginan. Penelitian ini diharapkan dapat memberikan acuan desain sistem pendinginan pasif yang optimal untuk meningkatkan kinerja panel surya fotovoltaik.

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Keywords: grafit sfg75; panel surya; pendinginan; phase change material (pcm); simulasi numerik
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