STUDI EKSPERIMENTAL PERPINDAHAN PANAS KONVEKSI PADA HEAT EXCHANGER DENGAN KONFIGURASI ALIGNED DAN STAGGERED TUBE BUNDLE

*Akhmad Iqbal Ekadiarta  -  Department of Mechanical Engineering, Universitas Diponegoro, Jl. Prof. Sudarto, SH, Tembalang, Semarang, Indonesia 50275, Indonesia
MSK Tony Suryo Utomo  -  Department of Mechanical Engineering, Universitas Diponegoro, Jl. Prof. Sudarto, SH, Tembalang, Semarang, Indonesia 50275, Indonesia
Khoiri Rozi  -  Department of Mechanical Engineering, Universitas Diponegoro, Jl. Prof. Sudarto, SH, Tembalang, Semarang, Indonesia 50275, Indonesia

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Abstract

Heat exchanger dengan konfigurasi pipe bundle merupakan peralatan penting dalam aplikasi industri untuk efisiensi perpindahan panas konveksi paksa. Penelitian ini bertujuan menganalisis pengaruh jumlah tube bundle , kecepatan aliran udara, dan daya pemanas terhadap performa termohidraulik secara eksperimental. Eksperimen menggunakan heat exchanger dengan variasi 1-3 tube bundle , kecepatan udara 4-28 m/s (Re 10³-10⁵), dan daya pemanas 20-40 W. Pengukuran mencakup koefisien konveksi h, Nusselt number Nu, pressure drop ΔP, dan selisih suhu ΔT pada konfigurasi heater tunggal hingga 3-tube bundle. Hasil utama menunjukkan: (1) Pressure drop meningkat signifikan pada konfigurasi 2-3 tube bundle akibat blockage ratio tinggi, dengan ΔP jauh lebih besar dibanding 1 tube bundle ; (2) Kecepatan aliran dominan terhadap performa, h dan Nu meningkat dengan Re, ditandai ΔT mengecil; (3) Daya pemanas 20-40 W menghasilkan h linear naik kemudian menurun pada 35-40 W (ΔT masih tinggi), sementara Nu relatif konstan. Konfigurasi multi-tube bundle tingkatkan heat transfer namun memiliki pressure drop tinggi. Optimalisasi pemilihan rentang Re dan daya input penting untuk efisiensi termal industri.

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Keywords: bilangan nusselt; bilangan reynolds; koefisien perpindahan panas; penurunan tekanan; tube bundle
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