PENGARUH VARIASI OFFSET TERHADAP KEKUATAN TARIK DAN KEKERASAN PADA MATERIAL AA6061 HASIL PENGELASAN ONE STEP DOUBLE SIDE FRICTION STIR WELDING

*Elroy Efodiarlo Umbu Lolo  -  Department of Mechanical Engineering, Universitas Diponegoro, Jl. Prof. Sudarto, SH, Tembalang, Semarang, Indonesia 50275, Indonesia
Sulardjaka Sulardjaka  -  Department of Mechanical Engineering, Universitas Diponegoro, Jl. Prof. Sudarto, SH, Tembalang, Semarang, Indonesia 50275, Indonesia
Norman Iskandar  -  Department of Mechanical Engineering, Universitas Diponegoro, Jl. Prof. Sudarto, SH, Tembalang, Semarang, Indonesia 50275, Indonesia

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Abstract

Paduan aluminium seri 6000, khususnya tipe AA6061, banyak dimanfaatkan pada sektor otomotif, kedirgantaraan, dan konstruksi teknik karena perpaduan sifatnya yang unggul. Namun, proses penyambungan material ini tidaklah mudah, karena rentan mengalami berbagai cacat pengelasan apabila menggunakan metode pengelasan fusi konvensional. Friction Stir Welding (FSW) hadir sebagai solusi yang mampu menghasilkan sambungan dengan kualitas tinggi tanpa mencairkan logam dasar. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis pengaruh variasi offset terhadap kekuatan tarik dan kekerasan pada spesimen AA6061-T6 hasil pengelasan one-step double side friction stir welding. Variasi offset yang digunakan adalah 2 mm dengan kecepatan rotasi pahat 1500 rpm menggunakan pahat berbentuk lingkaran. Pengujian yang dilakukan meliputi pengujian, mikrografi, kekerasan Vickers, dan tarik, Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa offset 2 mm menghasilkan sambungan dengan kualitas yang baik. Struktur mikro pada offset 2 mm menampilkan butir yang halus dan seragam di zona aduk hasil rekristalisasi dinamis. Distribusi kekerasan offset 2 mm homogen dengan nilai sekitar 70 VHN di zona aduk. Kekuatan tarik maksimum offset 2 mm didapatkan sebesar 148 MPa dan kekuatan luluhnya sebesar 108 MPa. Secara keseluruhan, offset 2 mm direkomendasikan untuk aplikasi komponen struktural dengan beban siklik berulang karena memberikan keseimbangan optimal antara kekuatan statis dan ketahanan lelah.

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Keywords: aa6061; double side friction stir welding; offset; uji kekerasan; uji tarik
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