ANALISIS MODAL DAN INTERAKSI STRUKTUR-FLUIDA TURBIN ANGIN SAVONIUS MENGGUNAKAN METODE ELEMEN HINGGA

*Ahmad Shodikin  -  Department of Mechanical Engineering, Universitas Diponegoro, Jl. Prof. Sudarto, SH, Tembalang, Semarang, Indonesia 50275, Indonesia
Ismoyo Haryanto  -  Department of Mechanical Engineering, Universitas Diponegoro, Jl. Prof. Sudarto, SH, Tembalang, Semarang, Indonesia 50275, Indonesia
Gunawan Dwi Haryadi  -  Department of Mechanical Engineering, Universitas Diponegoro, Jl. Prof. Sudarto, SH, Tembalang, Semarang, Indonesia 50275, Indonesia

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Abstract

Turbin angin Savonius merupakan turbin sumbu vertikal yang mampu beroperasi pada kecepatan angin rendah, namun memiliki tantangan terkait efisiensi dan respon struktural akibat beban aerodinamika. Penelitian ini bertujuan menganalisis karakteristik dinamis turbin Savonius melalui kajian modal dan interaksi struktur-fluida menggunakan metode elemen hingga dengan pendekatan one-way coupling. Simulasi dilakukan pada kecepatan angin 11,32 m/s dengan kecepatan putar 33,96 rad/s. Hasil analisis modal menunjukkan frekuensi alami mode pertama sebesar 21,41 Hz, lebih tinggi dibanding frekuensi eksitasi turbin 5,41 Hz sehingga aman dari risiko resonansi. Analisis struktur menunjukkan tegangan von Mises maksimum 19,53 MPa dan von Mises strain 0,000317524 mm/mm pada sudut rotasi 835 derajat. Pada posisi yang sama, safety factor terendah tercatat sebesar 14,34. Sementara itu, deformasi maksimum sebesar 0,485 mm terjadi pada sudut 916 derajat. Secara keseluruhan, hasil menunjukkan bahwa beban aerodinamika berpengaruh signifikan terhadap distribusi tegangan, deformasi, dan safety factor turbin. Kajian ini memberikan pemahaman penting mengenai perilaku dinamis turbin Savonius serta menjadi dasar untuk pengembangan desain yang lebih andal dan efisien.

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Keywords: deformasi; frekuensi pribadi; one way coupling; safety factor
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