ANALISIS BIOMEKANIKA MATA MENGGUNAKAN METODE ELEMEN HINGGA PENGARUH VARIASI INDEKS MASSA TUBUH DAN KEKAKUAN LENSA TERHADAP TEKANAN INTRAOKULAR

Timothy Satriya Budiono  -  Department of Mechanical Engineering, Universitas Diponegoro, Jl. Prof. Sudarto, SH, Tembalang, Semarang, Indonesia 50275, Indonesia
Jamari Jamari  -  Department of Mechanical Engineering, Universitas Diponegoro, Jl. Prof. Sudarto, SH, Tembalang, Semarang, Indonesia 50275, Indonesia
Tri Indah Winarni  -  Undip Biomechanics Engineering & Research Center, Universitas Diponegoro (UBM-ERC), Indonesia
*M. Danny Pratama Lamura  -  Undip Biomechanics Engineering & Research Center, Universitas Diponegoro (UBM-ERC), Indonesia

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Abstract

Tekanan intraokular (IOP) merupakan salah satu parameter penting dalam menjaga kestabilan bentuk dan fungsi mata. Peningkatan IOP diketahui sebagai faktor risiko utama terjadinya glaukoma, yaitu kondisi degeneratif pada saraf optik yang dapat menyebabkan kebutaan permanen. Seiring bertambahnya usia dan berkembangnya kondisi sistemik seperti hipertensi, diabetes, dan obesitas, tekanan intraokular dapat mengalami perubahan yang signifikan. Salah satu faktor yang diduga memengaruhi IOP adalah indeks massa tubuh (BMI), serta kekakuan lensa mata yang mengalami peningkatan seiring proses penuaan. Untuk memahami hubungan antara faktor-faktor tersebut dan tekanan di dalam bola mata, diperlukan pendekatan analisis yang mampu menggambarkan fenomena mekanis secara akurat. Metode elemen hingga (FEM) digunakan dalam penelitian ini sebagai alat numerik untuk memodelkan struktur dan respon biomekanika mata terhadap berbagai kondisi. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis pengaruh variasi BMI dan kekakuan lensa terhadap tekanan intraokular dengan mempertimbangkan interaksi gaya, tekanan cairan mata, serta distribusi tekanan kontak pada permukaan mata. Hasil dari kajian ini diharapkan dapat memberikan kontribusi pada pengembangan pemodelan biomekanik mata yang lebih representatif dan menjadi dasar bagi pendekatan medis atau klinis dalam pencegahan dan diagnosis gangguan tekanan mata.

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Keywords: biomekanika mata; indeks massa tubuh; kekakuan lensa; metode elemen hingga; tekanan intraokular
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