OPTIMALISASI MANAJEMEN ENERGI DAN PENJADWALAN KENDARAAN UNTUK BUS LISTRIK DAN PLUG-IN HYBRID ELECTRIC BUS (PHEB) DALAM TRANSPORTASI PERKOTAAN

*Muhamad Zaky Abqary  -  Department of Mechanical Engineering, Universitas Diponegoro, Jl. Prof. Sudarto, SH, Tembalang, Semarang, Indonesia 50275, Indonesia
Gunawan Dwi Haryadi  -  Department of Mechanical Engineering, Universitas Diponegoro, Jl. Prof. Sudarto, SH, Tembalang, Semarang, Indonesia 50275, Indonesia
Yusuf Umardani  -  Department of Mechanical Engineering, Universitas Diponegoro, Jl. Prof. Sudarto, SH, Tembalang, Semarang, Indonesia 50275, Indonesia

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Abstract

Penelitian ini membahas strategi optimalisasi sistem transportasi publik berbasis bus listrik (Battery Electric Buses/BEB) dan plug-in hybrid electric buses (PHEB), dengan fokus pada manajemen energi, penjadwalan kendaraan, serta integrasi teknologi Vehicle-to-Grid (V2G). Melalui kajian terhadap sepuluh publikasi ilmiah terkini, penelitian ini mengevaluasi efektivitas strategi ANN-PMP dalam mengelola ketidakpastian massa kendaraan, penggunaan pendekatan optimisasi integer dan metaheuristik untuk penjadwalan simultan armada dan pengisian daya, serta potensi penerapan V2G sebagai solusi efisiensi dan pendapatan tambahan. Hasil analisis menunjukkan bahwa integrasi pendekatan data-driven dan optimisasi dapat meningkatkan efisiensi bahan bakar hingga 46,93%, mengurangi jumlah armada yang dibutuhkan, serta memperkuat peran sistem transportasi dalam mendukung stabilitas jaringan listrik. Temuan ini menegaskan pentingnya penerapan pendekatan terpadu dalam transisi menuju transportasi perkotaan yang lebih berkelanjutan.

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Keywords: bus listrik; optimisasi sistem transportasi; pengisian daya; plug-in hybrid electric bus (pheb); vehicle-to-grid (v2g)
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