ANALISIS VON MISES STRESS PADA TULANG L1 HINGGA L2 DENGAN KONDISI PEMBEBANAN MULTIAXIAL MENGGUNAKAN METODE ELEMEN HINGGA

*Muhammad Rafli  -  Department of Mechanical Engineering, Universitas Diponegoro, Jl. Prof. Sudarto, SH, Tembalang, Semarang, Indonesia 50275, Indonesia
Jamari Jamari  -  Department of Mechanical Engineering, Universitas Diponegoro, Jl. Prof. Sudarto, SH, Tembalang, Semarang, Indonesia 50275, Indonesia
Tri Indah Winarni  -  Department of Mechanical Engineering, Universitas Diponegoro, Jl. Prof. Sudarto, SH, Tembalang, Semarang, Indonesia 50275, Indonesia

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Abstract

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis distribusi tegangan von mises pada lumbar spine L1 hingga L2 dengan kondisi pembebanan multiaxial menggunakan metode elemen hingga (Finite Element Analysis/FEA). Data geometri diperoleh dari CT-scan pasien laki-laki berusia 55 tahun dalam kondisi normal, yang selanjutnya direkonstruksi menjadi model 3D menggunakan perangkat lunak CAD dan disimulasikan dengan Ansys 2023 R2. Simulasi dilakukan dengan pembebanan aksial sebesar 500 N dan variasi momen lentur (2,5 N.m, 5 N.m, 7,5 N.m, dan 10 N.m) dalam enam arah gerak. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa nilai von mises stresstertinggi pada bagian cancellous dan endplate ditemukan pada kondisi flexion dengan momen 10 N.m. Namun, terdapat ketidakteraturan pada data endplate, di mana tegangan tertinggi tidak selalu terjadi pada momen tertinggi. Penelitian ini juga menekankan pentingnya evaluasi biomekanis pada struktur cancellous dan endplate yang selama ini kurang diperhatikan, serta menunjukkan peran penting ligamen dalam menjaga kestabilan segmental tulang belakang.

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Keywords: cancellous; endplate; finite element analysis; L1-L2; ligamen; lumbar spine; multiaxial; von mises stress
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