BELENGGU JURAGAN ATAS PETANI: RELASI PATRON-KLIEN DALAM PERTANIAN TEMBAKAU SRINTIL DAN DAMPAK SOSIALNYA (STUDI ETNOGRAFI DI DESA LEGOKSARI, KABUPATEN TEMANGGUNG)

Abstract

Tobacco is a strategic commodity with a production of 238,806 tons that contributes significantly to the country's economy through excise revenues of 219.62 trillion rupiah and export value of 1,488 million US dollars, and absorbs more than 6 million workers along its industrial chain. However, in Legoksari Village, Temanggung Regency, which is a producer of high-quality srintil tobacco, farmers are trapped in an exploitative relationship with the juragan through a debt system that creates dependency and ongoing social inequality, so that farmers do not get optimal profits even though they produce tobacco with high economic value. This study aims to describe the relationship patterns that occur between farmers and juragan, and to find out what the social impacts are. The research method used is qualitative-descriptive using interviews, observations, and literature studies as data collection techniques. From the research results, it was found that the interaction between farmers and juragan formed an exploitative patron-client relationship pattern, where the juragan as a patron used his position to gain maximum profit. The exploitation practice can be seen from the application of interest in the capital system, unilateral pricing and discounts on tobacco scales, manipulation of the quality of original Legoksari srintil tobacco, and bribery. Ultimately, this relationship has a broad social impact on the sustainability of society in Legoksari Village, including the creation of social stratification, economic scoping, ongoing dependency, strengthening of social ties between farmers and juragan, and the normalization of social inequality as something that cannot be changed. Keywords: srintil tobacco, patron-client, farmer, juragan, social impact