Budaya Matrilineal dan Keterwakilan Perempuan dalam Legislatif Sumatera Barat 2024

Abstract

This study examines the relationship between matrilineal culture and women’s representation in the legislative body of West Sumatra during the 2024 general elections. West Sumatra is known for its matrilineal system, where lineage and inheritance are passed down through the maternal line. In theory, this system is believed to provide strategic space for women within the social structure. However, in practice, women’s participation and representation in formal politics, particularly in the legislature, remain low. The study uses a descriptive qualitative method through literature review, in-depth interviews, and documentation of election results and gender-affirmative policies. Findings show that although matrilineal culture is deeply rooted in Minangkabau society, its values do not automatically translate into the political sphere. Women still face structural and cultural barriers, such as the dominance of male political elites, the need for support from influential men to enter politics, high political costs, limited access to political education, non-inclusive party mechanisms, and weak implementation of affirmative action. It concludes that matrilineal culture is not a determining factor in increasing women’s legislative representation. Therefore, efforts are needed to use matrilineal values as a supporting narrative, while increasing gender political literacy to foster more inclusive perceptions of women’s roles and leadership in politics. Keywords: Matrilineal Culture, Women's Political Participation, Women's Representation