Pewarna Alami Limbah Mangrove Dengan Fiksasi Air Kelapa, Asam Jawa Dan Tawas

Abstract

Mangrove termasuk tumbuhan yang dipengaruhi oleh pasang surut air laut, memiliki adaptasi terhadap kadar garam yang cukup tinggi, dan selalu tergenang air. Manfaat mangrove salah satunya digunakan sebagai pewarna alami pada kain. Penerapan pewarna alami dapat mengurangi adanya dampak pencemaran yang disebabkan oleh pewarna sintesis. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui daya tahan luntur kain terhadap pencucian sabun, kelunturan, perbedaan warna, dan warna yang dihasilkan pada kain dari hasil pengujian beda warna kain sebelum dan sesudah pencucian sabun, pada pewarna limbah propagul dan akar mangrove dengan fiksasi air kelapa, asam jawa dan tawas. Penelitian dilakukan pada bulan Juni – Juli 2022. Metode yang digunakan yaitu metode eksperimen, yang terdiri dari ekstraksi zat warna alam mangrove, pencelupan dan fiksasi, serta pengujian kualitas kain yang  terdiri dari uji tahan luntur warna kain terhadap pencucian sabun, pengujian beda warna kain sebelum dan sesudah dilakukannya pencucian sabun, perhitungan perbedaan warna (ΔE) dan analisis warna dengan color analysis, ibisPaint X dan colorimeter. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa daya tahan luntur pada propagul tergolong baik (4) dan akar tergolong cukup baik (3,9), nilai beda warna kain sebelum dan sesudah pencucian sabun pada akar lebih tinggi daripada propagul, perbedaan warna paling rendah, yaitu air kelapa, dan rata-rata warna propagul lebih gelap dibandingkan akar. Berdasarkan penelitian yang dilakukan, fiksasi yang baik yaitu air kelapa, karena memiliki tingkat kelunturan paling rendah.

Mangroves are plants that are affected by tides, have adaptations to high levels of salt, and are always inundated with water. The benefit of one of the mangroves is used as a natural dye on cloth. The application of natural dyes can reduce the impact of pollution caused by the synthesis of dyes. This study aims to determine the resistance of the fabric to washing, fading, color difference, and the color produced on the fabric from the color difference testing before and washing soap, on dyes of propagule waste and mangrove roots with fixation of coconut water, tamarind and alum. The study was conducted in June – July 2022. The method used is the experimental method, which consists of extracting natural mangrove dyes, dyeing and fixation, as well as testing the quality of the fabric which consists of testing the fastness of the fabric to washing soap, testing the color difference before and before execution of washing, calculation of differences (ΔE) and color analysis with color analysis, ibisPaint X and colorimeter. The results showed that the fastness of propagule was good (4) and the roots were quite good (3.9), the difference in the value of the fabric before and washing soap on the roots was higher than that of propagules, the lowest color difference was coconut water, and the average color of the propagules is darker than the roots. Based on the research conducted, a good fixation is coconut water, because it has the lowest level of fastness.