Pemangsaan Herbivori Daun Mangrove Di Kawasan Tracking Mangrove Kemujan, Kepulauan Karimunjawa

Abstract

Ekosistem mangrove merupakan kumpulan komunitas flora dan fauna di kawasan perairan bersalinitas. Ekosistem mangrove menghasilkan sebuah interaksi saling ketergantungan antara organisme dengan lingkungan. Herbivori merupakan peristiwa hilangnya komponen daun mangrove akibat di mangsa biota. Kerusakan herbivori yang tinggi mampu mempengaruhi aktivitas fotosintesis mangrove serta mempengaruhi produktivitas perairan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis tingkat herbivori daun mangrove Ceriops tagal dan Rhizophora mucronata pada ekosistem mangrove di sekitar Tracking Mangrove Kemujan, Kepulauan Karimunjawa, Kabupaten Jepara, Jawa Tengah. Metode deskriptif digunakan dalam menganalisis data sedangkan metode purposive digunakan dalam penentuan lokasi dan pengambilan sampel. Sampel daun spesies Ceriops tagal dan Rhizophora mucronata diambil berdasarkan tiga kategori ketinggian <1 m, 1-2 m, dan >2 m, masing-masing sebanyak 10 pohon sebagai ulangan. Daun dipisahkan berdasarkan umur daun (muda dan tua) dan kondisi daun (rusak dan utuh). Total daun yang diambil sebanyak 10% dari setiap pohon. Hasil penelinitan menunjukkan nilai rata-rata tingkat herbivori pada setiap kategori spesies, umur daun dan tinggi pohon yaitu pada spesies Ceriops tagal 7,66% kisaran 0,01-39,05 hingga 10,93% kisaran 0,2-55,46 sedangkan pada spesies Rhizophora mucronata sebesar 5,52% kisaran 0,01-11,13 hingga 7,73% kisaran 0,01-39,05. Tingkat herbivori C. tagal lebih tinggi daripada R. mucronata. Rendahnya persentase tingkat herbivori mengidentifikasikan bahwa ekosistem mangrove Kemujan masih tergolong sehat.

The mangrove ecosystem is a collection of flora and fauna communities in saline waters. The mangrove ecosystem produces an interdependent interaction between organisms and the environment. Herbivory is the loss of mangrove leaf components due to being eaten by biota. High damage to herbivores can affect the photosynthetic activity of mangroves and affect water productivity. The purpose of this study was to analyze the herbivory level of mangrove leaves of Ceriops tagal and Rhizophora mucronata in the mangrove ecosystem around the Kemujan Mangrove Tracking, Karimunjawa Islands. Descriptive method is used in analyzing the data while purposive method is used in determining the location and taking samples. Leaf samples of Ceriops tagal and Rhizophora mucronata species were taken based on three different height categories, namely <1 m, 1-2 m, and> 2 m, each with 10 trees as replicates. The leaves are separated based on the age of the leaves (young and old) and the condition of the leaves (damaged and intact). Total leaves taken as much as 10% of each tree.The results showed an average value of herbivory levels in each species category, age of leaves and height of the tree, namely the species Ceriops tagal of 7.73% range 0.18-30.38 to 10.93% range 0.2- 55,46 while in Rhizophora mucranata species the range is 5.52% 0.01-11.13 to 7.73% range 0.01-39.05. The herbivory level of C. tagal is higher than that of R. mucronata. The low percentage of herbivory indicates that the Kemujan mangrove ecosystem is still relatively healthy.